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The introduction first briefly reviews Western Europe\'s universal order of "recht" in middle ages: As independent political units, the city, the manor, the church parish, the ligeance and so on were set in a rank order, the relations between each rank were established in legal form, empire represented the highest rank, and simultaneously played an arbitrator\'s role, was the arbitrator of political units subordinated to the emperor. All of these ranks were placed in natural order created by God, thus, the Christianity religious doctrine had provided the final validity for the universal legal orders; then the symbiotic of the political evolution and the legal transformation will be discussed. Western jurisprudence resided in the Church during the middle Ages, after entering into modern era, resorted to the state."State" instead of "empire" became the basic concept of modem law, and new order of "recht" was bound to make legitimate argumentation for the nation; finally, the background and sketches of this article is explained. It will trace and analyze intrinsic evolution of the idea of legal order in the background of concrete politics--especially the geopolitics, inspects how the different nation-states split up from universal Christianly world and obtain their independence, inspecting differences of respective national path, the fit or unfit quality and the success or failure in this process.

导论首先简要回顾西欧中世纪大一统的法权秩序：作为独立政治单元的各城市、庄园、教区、领地等被镶嵌在一个等级秩序中，各个等级之间以法律的形式来确立相互之间的关系，帝国代表最高等级，同时扮演仲裁人的角色，是臣属其下的各个政治单元之间的仲裁者，而帝国等级又被安置在上帝创造的自然秩序中，因而，是基督教教义为大一统的法权秩序提供了最终的合法性；接着指出西欧政治演变与法权变革的共生性：西方法学在中世纪寄身于教会之中，进入近代以后则投靠了国家，&国家&代替&帝国&，成为近代法学构造的基本概念，新的法权秩序必然围绕民族国家展开；最后说明本文的论述方式和基本思路：本文将在具体的政治——特别是地缘政治——的背景中，追踪和解析法权观念的内在演变，由此进一步****不同民族国家内、异质的法权秩序如何从过去大一统的世界中分化剥离并获得独立，并试图检讨这一过程中不同民族道路的差异、优劣和得失。

What the administration fails to see is that, as Representative Christopher Shays points out, campaign money is given to obtain two things, influence and access.

国会的议员同样发现他们自己处于同样的困境之中，其中的一些人已经返还了他们从安然公司获得的政治献金。

From the stories of courage and devotion of men and women, we create the inspirations of youth.

从体现男性和女性勇敢和奉献精神的故事之中，我们获得了青春的启示。

This change shows: in our time, the economic development of any nation must be integrated into the global economic system; the modernization of any nation can only be realized on the basis of global joint development; today's nationalist movement may still need to obtain nutritions from the structure of national sovereignty, but if any nationalist movement emphasizing the worship of national sovereignty too much may be regarded as "narrowminded" or even "extreme" nationalism.

中亚民族主义价值取向的转变表明：在当今时代，任何民族的经济发展只能融入全球经济大潮和全球经济分工体系之中才能实现；任何民族的现代化只能在全球共同发展的基础上才能实现；今天的民族主义运动虽然仍需要从民族国家主权架构中获得营养，但任何民族主义运动如果对传统主权过分崇拜，就有可能被视为&狭隘&的甚至是&极端&的民族主义。

Certain types of sockets are ''connectionless'', most commonly

某些类型的套接字是无连接的，大多数是UDP协议。

Take it in to his nibs yourself .

你自己拿进去给头儿吧。