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Our research indicated that from flowering to harvest stage of wheat,the photosynthetic rate,chlorophyll contents,soluble protein contents and conversive efficiency of light energy in L14 wheat leaves apparently declined more quickly than that in wheat variety 935031,but the beginning time when respectively relevant parameter declined was different.

结果表明：自开花至成熟期，鲁麦L14小麦叶片光合速率、叶绿素含量、可溶性蛋白含量及光能转化效率的下降速度均明显快于小麦品种935031，但是各相关参数降低的起始时间不同，自开花后30 d鲁麦L14的叶片已经开始干枯，而935031小麦品种到成熟时大部分叶片还保持绿色，说明小麦叶片早衰与光合能力的下降有密切关系。

The barley chromosome in wheat was identified by genomic in situ hybridization in which biotin labelled total genomic DNA of barley betzes was used as probe and the unlabelled total DNA of common wheat Chinese Spring as blocking DNA. A series of wheat materials were tested as follows; two disomic alien substitution and monosomic alien addition lines, 2n=43; two monosomic alien substitution lines.

用生物素(Biotin-16-dUTP)标记的大麦Betzes基因组DNA作探针，以普通小麦中国春总DNA作封阻进行基因组原位杂交(Genome in situ hybridiz ation，简称GISH)，从13株小麦-大麦杂交后代中鉴定出2个含有3条大麦B etzes2H染色体的材料(2n=43)；2个2H单体异代换系(2n=42)；7个2H二体异代换系(2n=42)。

Other three alien translocation lines referring to chromosome Lr.14 of L.racemosus were also induced via irradiated pollens.After irradiated by gamma raysof 1KR does,the pollens of T.aestivum-L.racemosus Lr.14 disomic addition lineswere used to pollinate wheat varieties"Yangmai No.5"and"Mianyang No.11".M1plants have pairing between wheat chromosomes and Lr.14 ofL.racemosus at PMCMI stage were self-pollinated,and the M2 seeds used to be Giemsa C-banded andfluorescence in situ hybridized.As the result,three alien translocation lines wereobtained and T12 was observed to have distal translocation chromosomes betweenLr.14S and a wheat chromosome segment(TW-Lr.14S·Lr.14L).T13 wasidentified to contain mostly-alien-translocation chromosome(TLr.14L·Lr.14S-W).T14 was proved to contain a translocation between Lr.14L and 6BS,with approximatebreakpoint at 6BS2.2 region, FL0.22 in the short arm of chromosome T6BL.6BS-Lr.14L.

用普通小麦-大赖草Lr.14二体异附加系经辐射处理过的花粉给扬麦5号和绵阳11号授粉，M1代植株进行PMC MI染色体配对分析和Giemsa C-分带，选出PMCMI小麦和大赖草染色体发生配对的植株进行自交，M2代经RTC M期染色体C-分带和原位杂交，鉴定出3个小麦-大赖草易位系，其中T12为由Lr.14大部分和一个小麦染色体片段组成的易位染色体(TLr.14L·Lr.14S-W)；T13含由Lr.14染色体绝大部分与小麦染色体的一个小片段组成的易位染色体(TLr.14L·Lr.14S-W)；T14易位系的染色体易位发生在小麦6BS2.2区和大赖草Lr.14L之间，易位断点在T6BL·6BS-Lr.14L易位染色体的FL0.22附近。

Fusarium head blight or wheat scab, caused by Fusarium graminearwn Teleomorph Gibberella zeae (Schew Petch, has been the most important disease of the southern winter wheat and northeastern spring wheat planting areas in China.

小麦赤霉病是影响我国南方麦区、东北春麦区、黄淮流域麦区以及北美小麦产区的重要病害。

In this experiment, we found the water of wheat leaves increase 0.6%~3.06 % for wet weigh and 17%~99.73 % for dry weigh,The oppositely containing the water increase 0.24%~3.42 %, The water saturation decrease 0.24%~3.39 %.The resulte of the leaves of corn is similar with wheat. it indicates that treat with extracts of peganum harmala could enhance the drought resist ability of wheat and corn.

试验结果表明，凡种子经过处理后，小麦叶片水分占鲜重的量增加了0.6%~3.06 %，占干重的量增加了17%~99.73 %，相对含水量增加了0.24%~3.42 %，而水分饱和度降低了0.24%~3.39 %；玉米处理结果与其一致，表明浸种处理具有增强作物抗旱性的生理效应。

The number of the adults and nymphae of psocids at the surface of the stored wheat was as many as that at the inner of stored wheat when the temperature was 15℃, the number of the psocids at the surface of the stored wheat would exceed the psocids number at the inner when the temperature exceed 20℃.

结果表明，嗜虫书虱在小麦堆的种群变化因粮温的上升而增大，并表现为15℃左右时粮堆表层和粮面下100cm处数量相近，粮温升达到22℃以上后，粮堆表层的书虱数量明显多于粮堆内部。

1D-SDS-PAGE eletrophoresis and molecular markers were employed to survey the Waxy proteins and Waxy genes in 312 winter wheat cultivars and lines from Chinese winter wheat and U.S.A. and Austrilia, 60 lines selected from the cross of Baihuomai and Norin 67 which was detected preliminarily to be waxy wheat with Iodine-dyeing-seed-section , 120 F2 plants from cross of Lu935031(Jimai19) and Yumai 47 . Amylose content and RVA properties were also recorded. The major results were presented below:1 The components of waxy protein subunits could be detected precisely by 1D-SDS-PAG Eelectro- phoresis.

以国内外冬播小麦品种312份、从白火麦×Norin 67中选育出经碘染籽粒剖面初步鉴定为糯性小麦的品系60份以及鲁935031×豫麦47的F2代120个单株为材料，利用1D-SDS-PAGE电泳技术研究了Waxy蛋白亚基组成，并利用分子标记检测了相应Waxy基因；检测了部分材料的直链淀粉含量和RVA特性等，分析了国内主要麦区小麦淀粉特性；结合生化标记、分子标记和淀粉特性三者各自的优势，探讨了快速、准确、简便筛选具有优良淀粉品质的小麦资源和品种的途径。

Wheat leaf rust caused by Puccinia triticina is one of important diseases of wheat, which seriously reduced the yield of wheat.Resistant cultivars are the most economic, safety and effective ways for minimizing the losses caused by the disease.

由小麦叶锈菌引起的小麦锈病是影响世界小麦稳产高产的重要病害之一，利用抗病品种是防治该病害最经济、安全、有效的方法。

The results demonstrated that watergathering of plastic ridging and furrow drilling was effective, senescence of winter wheat was prevented in some extent, had a obvious effect of yield increase and economic increase, and WUE of it was higher than that of conventional flat planting wheat and ridging and furrow drilling wheat.

研究结果表明，与传统平作和起垄沟播相比，起垄覆膜沟播具有较好的聚水保墒效果，一定程度上延缓了小麦的衰老进程，具有明显的增产增收效果；而且水分利用效率明显高于传统平作小麦和起垄沟播。

Improved high ionic strength medium was adopted to extract the cpDNAs of Yunnan wheat,Tibet semiwild wheat and two cultivars of common wheat (Chinese Spring and Een 1).Restriction fragment analysis of cpDNAs was carried out with the use of 7 restriction enzymes.

亚种。我们采用改进的高离子强度法，提取云南小麦、西藏半野生小麦、普通小麦的两个品种(中国春和鄂恩1号)的叶绿体DNA，并用7种限制性内切酶对它们的叶绿体DNA进行了酶切图谱分析。

We will see more and more activist government policies that distinguish economic activities according to the nationality of the actors.

我们将看到越来越多激进的政府政策，这些政策根据企业的国籍来区分经济活动。

If we can prove the independence of an axiomatic system, then we can guarantee the conciseness of this system, ie.

如果能够证明某个一阶谓词系统的独立性，那么就能够保证该系统的建立是精炼的，即没有任何一条公理或推理规则是多余的。