查询词典 topsoil

The results show that 42.86% topsoil samples are polluted by Cadmium, soil synthesis pollution index is moderate, Cadmium pollution degree of topsoil correlate with the environment of sampling sites. The results also show that exchangeable Cd, carbonate-bound Cd, organic-bound Cd and residual Cd are found in all soil samples except for Fe-Mn oxide-bound Cd. Furthermore, the concentration of exchangeable Cd and carbonate-bound Cd, both which have high biological validity, is high. Humus has a certain correlation with exchangeable Cd, organic-bound Cd and residual Cd, and has no obvious correlation with other chemical speciations. Any chemical speciation of Cd has no obvious correlation with pH and total Fe of soil samples. Cadmium in topsoil can be eluviated by acid solution, the quantity of Cadmium eluviated by redistilled water is little. With the rise of pH of eluviating solution, eluviated Cadmium quantity decrease. For the same soil sample, the lower pH value of eluviating solution is, the more fast the Cadmium is eluviated, and the more thequantity of Cadmium is eluviated.

研究结果表明：成都市表生土壤样中有42.86%受镉污染，镉综合污染水平达中度污染，成都市表生土壤镉污染程度与采样点周围环境表现出一定的相关性；除铁锰氧化物结合态镉在部分土壤样中未检出外，所有土壤样均含有可交换态镉、碳酸盐结合态镉、有机结合态镉、残留态镉，且生物有效性较高的可交换态镉和碳酸盐结合态镉占总镉量比例较高；成都市表生土壤中的腐殖质与可交换态镉、有机结合态镉、残留态镉有一定相关性，与碳酸盐结合态镉、铁锰氧化物结合态镉相关性不显著；各形态镉与土壤pH值和全铁的相关性均不显著；土壤中的镉可被酸溶液淋出，重蒸馏水淋出镉量十分微小；随着淋滤液pH值的升高，土壤样的镉淋出量下降，且0～5小时时段的镉淋出量占镉总淋出量比例下降，5～30小时时段的镉淋出量占镉总淋出量的比例上升，对同一土壤样而言，酸度大的淋滤液比酸度小的淋滤液淋出镉速度更快，淋出镉量更大。

Environmental chemical action of Cadmium in topsoil in Chengdu has been studied in this paper, including the Cadmium pollution survey of topsoil in Chengdu, the chemical speciation research of Cadmium in topsoil, the research of correlation between soil character and chemical speciation of Cadmium and eluviating experiment research.

本文针对成都市表生土壤中镉的环境化学行为进行研究，包括以下研究内容：成都市表生土壤的镉污染状况调查；表生土壤中镉的化学形态研究；土壤性状同土壤镉赋存形态的关系研究；土壤淋滤实验研究。

Cm.℃.min-1,0.344 J.-1 and 0.311 J.-1.The average thermal diffusivity is 0.244～0.247cm2.min-1.By pressing soil and using lichen coat,the reforesting technique of catchment can lighten the bad effect of nudity soil,and can lower down average topsoil temperature by 0.2～1.5 ℃, maximum topsoil temperature by 2.7～4.0 ℃, topsoil temperature amplitude by 2.5～3.7 ℃, and depress 11%～25%soil thermal flux and 4%～15%soil evaporation.

拍光压实后喷涂引植地衣、苔藓，可有效缓解地表裸露后产生的负影响，在生长季可降低表层均温0.2～1.5 ℃，降低最高表层土温2.7～4.0℃，降低表层土温日较差2.5～3.7 ℃，降低土壤热通量11％～25％，有效降低土壤蒸发4％～15％。

Results showed that the topsoil (10cm) pH increased with increasing distance from bole. The minimum topsoil pH presented on the region of bole base. Some contour lines of topsoil pH were concentric circles which centered in boles.

结果表明，两树种树干周围表层土壤(10cm)的pH均由树干基部向外围逐渐增加，pH最低值常出现在树干基部附近，有的树干周围土壤pH等值线呈近似同心圆的分布。

The topsoil layer is made up of small particles of rock mixed with rotten plant and animal matter called humus,which is black and gives the topsoil its dark colour.

表土层是由岩石小颗粒混杂着被称为腐殖质的腐烂动植物的有机质组成的。这些腐殖质是黑色的，使表土层也呈现出了深色。

Results showed that both soil salt accumulation and acidulation in topsoil were evident and the amounts of main soil nutrients are increased.

结果表明，随着连作年限的增加，温室土壤盐分表聚和酸化现象明显，土壤主要养分含量有增加的趋势。

Ordinary Kriging, Co-Kriging and OKR interpolations were conducted with 72 SOC data in the topsoil (0~10 cm) which was selected as an auxiliary variable, and 36 and 24 SOC data in the subsoil (10~20 cm) as target variables.

以72个上层(0~10 cm)SOC数据为辅助变量，分别以36个及24个下层(10~20 cm)SOC数据为目标变量，分别进行普通克里格、协同克里格及OKR插值分析。

It can comminute great lump of clay and conduct uniform flow of material. This crusher combining with excavator and belt conveyor may form a new technlogical system of surface mine topsoil stripping.

它具有对大粘土块进行破碎及实现物料流均匀的作用，与单斗挖掘机和胶带输送机可以组成新式露天矿表土剥离半连续开采工艺系统。

The process of ecological degradation in the vicinity of Shaoguan Pb/Zn smelter may be summed as: heavy metals and acidic deposits from the waste gas from smelter resulted in the vanishment of the sensitive plant species, increasing accumulation of heavy metals in soils and acidification of topsoil worsened the chemical properties and then shallow-rooted plant, mainly the herbaceous, vanished. With the demolishment of the vegetation cover, increasing water-soil erosion worsened physico-chemical properties of soil and, subsequently, some woody plants disappeared and barren land was finally appeared.

该生态系统的退化过程可以归纳为：来自于冶炼废气的重金属和酸沉降导致了敏感植物的消亡，丧失了对土壤的缓冲保护作用；重金属在土壤表层的积累，酸性物质在土壤表层的增加导致的土壤酸化以及由此引发的有机质与养分的淋溶和重金属及Al的活性增加，加剧植被的快速退化，特别是浅根植物的衰亡；地被层的破坏，导致水土流失和土壤侵蚀加深，进一步恶化表层土壤的理化性质，一些木本植物随之消失，最终形成光板地。

The results indicated that the soil physical fertility characteristic of super high-production cornfield was high, mainly display in the topsoil was deep, soil bulk density changed between 1.01-1.26 g/cm3, disarrangement rate of soil structure was...

研究结果表明，超高产玉米田土壤物理肥力特性较高，主要表现在耕层较深厚，土壤容重变化在1.01～1.26g/cm3，土壤的结构破坏率较低；在土壤的化学环境特征方面，土壤碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾等均未表现出明显的变化规律；所有超高产田的土壤阳离子交换量均不同程度地高于普通生产田，这与超高产田的定向培育有直接关系；一些超高产田有机质低于普通生产田，其原因与超高产田氮素施用量较高、促进了土壤有机质矿化有关。

Pradeep Indulkar, a senior official at the Maharashtra state Home Ministry say 101 human were killed and 287 injured.

马哈拉施特拉邦内政部高级官员Pradeep Indulkar称，有101人在冲突中丧生，287人受伤。

Mark Frei, a senior vice president of West, says 80% of West's homeagents have some college education, compared with 30% of those whowork in office-based call centers.

Frei说，该公司80%在家办公的人员都拥有本科学位，而在公司电话中心工作的人中只有30%拥有本科学位。