查询词典 system engineering

System.out.println("a.length="+ a.length); System.out.println("b.length ="+ b.length);// The handles inside the array are // automatically initialized to null: for(int i = 0; i nbsp;b.length; i++) System.out.println; System.out.println("c.length ="+ c.length); System.out.println("d.length ="+ d.length); a = d; System.out.println("a.length ="+ a.length);// Java 1.1 initialization syntax: a = new Weeble { new Weeble, new Weeble }; System.out.println("a.length ="+ a.length);// Arrays of primitives: int e;// Null handle int f = new int[5]; int g = new int[4]; for(int i = 0; i nbsp;g.length; i++) g = i*i; int h ={ 11, 47, 93 };// Compile error: variable e not initialized://!

句柄。此时，编译器会禁止我们对这个句柄作任何实际操作，除非已正确地初始化了它。数组b被初始化成指向由Weeble句柄构成的一个数组，但那个数组里实际并未放置任何Weeble对象。然而，我们仍然可以查询那个数组的大小，因为b指向的是一个合法对象。这也为我们带来了一个难题：不可知道那个数组里实际包含了多少个元素，因为length只告诉我们可将多少元素置入那个数组。换言之，我们只知道数组对象的大小或容量，不知其实际容纳了多少个元素。尽管如此，由于数组对象在创建之初会自动初始化成null，所以可检查它是否为null，判断一个特定的数组&空位&是否容纳一个对象。类似地，由基本数据类型构成的数组会自动初始化成零、null或者false。

Therefore, based on the research of pathology, aiming at the long-term dissevered between the land use and transportation network system in the urban planning, construction and management fields, and the narrow definition of urban transportation system and matching supply and demand of this contradictions unity, this thesis define the integrated urban land use-transportation system (abbreviation IULTS, urban L-T system or system for short). From the interaction and the spontaneous mutual adjustment phenomena between the land use subsystem and transportation subsystem, this thesis explore the inherent laws and internal mechanism of IULTS evolution behind the phenomena, and proposed system optimization theory and methods from the mechanism of system development and evolution. It is expected that the conclusion can provide a meaningful reference for analyzing and solving traffic problems, and understanding deeply the matter that if IULTS is controllable, how to control and the direction, theory and methods of controlling.

故此，论文立足于对病理的探讨，针对当前城市规划、建设与管理上对土地利用与交通系统长期割裂的状况，及现状城市交通系统的狭义定义，基于供需匹配这一矛盾统一体提出了城市用地-交通综合系统(英文缩写IULTS，简称为城市L-T系统，下文有时直接简称为系统)概念，从系统内用地子系统与交通子系统之间所表现的互馈影响、相互调节现象出发，结合定性分析和定量研究，探究现象背后所隐藏的客观规律，揭示统发展演化所遵循的固有规律与内在机理，从系统发展演化机理上提出系统优化的相关理论与方法，以期研究结论能为从机理上研究、分析、解决交通问题，深入认识系统是否可控、如何可控及控制发展的方向、理论与方法等问题提供了有意义的理论参考。

For example, both the Common Law systems and the Civil Law systems own a selecting system of judge, safeguarding system of judge andsupervising system which are suitable for their own legality tradition: the independence of judge, the strictly system of selecting and appointing of judge, the strictly system of guarantee of judge, such as the right guarantee of judge, the economic guarantee of judge, the diplomatic immunity system of judge, the strictly impeaching and punishing system of judge and so on.

例如无论大陆法系国家还是英美法系国家，都有一套系统的与本国法治传统相配套的法官选拔制度、法官保障制度和符合审判自身规律的监督制约机制：确立法官独立；担任法官的条件苛刻；任命程序特别严格；法官保障体制系统且严密，诸如法官的身份保障制度、法官的经济保障制度、法官的豁免权制度等；严格的弹劾惩戒程序。

The fundamental properties of the system K are studied,and it is pointed out that All theorems of the system L are theorems of the system K.Some important theorems about quantifiers are obtained.Moreover,the following results also are proved that all instances of substitution in the system K of tautologies of the system L are logically valid for any R0 chain,the soundness theorem and strong soundness theorem hold in the system K,i.e.,all theorems ofthe system K also logically valid for any R0 chain.

其次，研究了系统K*的基本性质，指出了系统L*的定理都是系统K*的定理，给出了系统K*与量词有关的一些重要定理，证明了系统L*的重言式在系统K*中的代换实例都是系统K*中关于任何R0链的逻辑有效公式；系统K*的可靠性定理成立，即系统K*中的定理关于任何R0链也是逻辑有效的；系统K*的强可靠性定理也成立，即系统K*在任何理论T下的定理关于任何R0链也是逻辑有效的。

Modeling and stability analysis problem of linear switched system are emphasized in this part and main results include:(1) Through investigation in the projection of 〓 on x, where x denotes continuous state vector, a series of sufficient conditions for stability, asymptotic stability and unstability of linear switched system's equilibrium in the sense of Lyapunov are achieved. And also, a sufficient and necessary condition for state bounded stability of linear switched system is received.(2) For a class of periodical linear switched system whose switching sets are a group of ordinal lines starting from the original point, it's proved that state bounded stability can be defined by the running characteristic in a single period (3) Based on linear switched system, the concept of linear switched system network is put forward. Linear switched system network is a complex network interconnected by many linear switched systems.

这部分着重研究线性切换系统的建模与稳定性分析问题，主要成果包括：（1）通过考察〓在x上的投影，得到线性切换系统的平衡点在Lyapunov意义下稳定、渐近稳定及不稳定的一系列充分条件，并得到了线性切换系统状态有界稳定的一个充要条件；（2）证明了对于一类切换集为从原点出发的一组射线的周期线性切换系统，其状态有界稳定可根据一个周期内的系统运行特性来判定；（3）在线性切换系统的基础上提出了线性切换系统网络的概念，线性切换系统网络是由多个线性切换系统交互作用而形成的复杂网络。

Make signal be called binary system numeral to make for the make of binary system signal, the binary system make and is divided into a binary system to move key to control(2 ASK), the binary system Pin move key to control(2 FSK), the binary system mutually move key to control(2 PSK) with bad cent the binary system mutually move key to control(2 DPSK) etc. variety basic type, this topic main is numeral the frequency make and call Pin to move key to control.

调制信号为二进制信号的调制称为二进制数字调制，二进制调制又分为二进制幅移键控（2ASK）、二进制频移键控（2FSK）、二进制相移键控（2PSK）和差分二进制相移键控（2DPSK）等多种基本的类型，本课题主要是数字频率调制又称频移键控。

Low level radwaste disposal problems are complex. Many important issue, such as radionuclide migration in the geosphere, must be carefully evaluated before making decision. This project will explore the use of a hydrogeological decision support system for solving these complex problems. The system will integrate hydrogeological analysis tools, geographic information system, mathematical models, stochastic and statistic methods, graphical interface, and decision system. By using the system, it is expected that many different alternatives can be efficiently analyzed and evaluated, and results can be presented much more effective to decision makers, while compared with the conventional presentation. Basing on the prototype system developed in the last two years, this project will integrate more analysis tools and improve the functions of the system.

中文摘要低放射性废料处置所牵涉之问题甚为广泛且复杂，其中又以放射性核种於地下水中迁移所造成之风险性分析最为重要，一般而言，一个水文地质决策支援系统将结合水文地质、地理资讯系统、数学模式、序数及统计、图形介面、优化及决策分析等理论及工具，方能使该系统迅速分析各种不同方案，并以最有效方式将分析结果呈现於决策者；因此，本计画预计延续八十二年至八十三年间，初步完成之整合风险分析模式之决策分析系统刍形，并於其基础上继续整合及发展一些关键技术及工具，以增加系统必备之功能，使其系统更趋完善，达到实用之目的。

Secondly, in spite of the reliability of software and control system, the mechanical system reliability of automatic yarn evenness tester is researched using FTA, and fault trees of each unit and system are established by analyzing its structure and function. According to system reliability theory and events probability, the mechanical system fault tree is analyzed by means of qualitative analysis and quantitative calculation, the system weak parts are found , and the ways are put forward to improve the mechanical system reliability.

其次，在不考虑软件及控制系统可靠性的情况下，利用故障树分析的方法，对全自动条干仪机械系统可靠性进行了分析研究，通过对其结构、功能的分析，建立了单个单元的故障树和系统的故障树；并根据系统可靠性的原理和事件发生的概率，进行了定性分析和定量计算，找出了系统的薄弱环节，提出了提高机械系统可靠性的途径。

This design is the Guangzhou lan west 100 markets summer the central air-conditioning system design, the primary mission completes one, two, three, four buildings load computation; Air-conditioning system plan efficient analysis and water unit's shaping; The air-conditioning system freezing stands design; Four buildings shopping area air conditioning unit's shaping, wind system and aqueous system design; Four buildings work area air blower plate tube system design; And has drawn up four winds tubes floor-plan, the wind side chart, the engine room floor-plan, the aqueous system axis side chart.

本次设计课题是广州市蘭西一百商场夏季中央空调系统设计，主要任务是完成一、二、三、四楼的冷负荷计算；空调系统方案的经济性分析和制冷机组的选型；空调系统冷冻站的设计；四楼购物区空调机组的选型，风系统和水系统的设计；四楼办公区风机盘管系统的设计；并绘制了四层风管平面布置图、风管轴侧图、机房平面布置图，水系统轴侧图。

This task school of high post of traffic of will comprehensive, systems analysis is active the mechanism moves inside managerial system, investment system of organization and administrative system and school, main feature and development trend reach industry of transportation of analytic our country talent demand, consider and offer transportation mechanism theory moves inside the managerial system with high post new school, investment system of organization and administrative system and school, form relatively the general and academic; of school education mode is traffic high post of the system management and decision-making branch provide decision-making basis related our country, for traffic high post practice of school education mode provides guidance, for our country practice of industry education mode is offerred draw lessons from.

该课题将全面、系统分析交通高职院校现行办学体制、投资体制和管理体制及校内运行机制，分析我国交通行业基本特征和发展趋向及人才需求，探究并提出交通高职院校新的办学体制、投资体制和管理体制及校内运行机制理论，形成较为系统的交通高职院校办学模式的一般理论；为我国相关管理和决策部门提供决策依据，为交通高职院校办学模式实践提供指导，为我国行业办学模式实践提供借鉴。

Objective:To compare the response control and attention of Schizophrenic patients with that of the healthy controls by Integrated Visual and Auditorycontinuous performance test. To quantitate the impairment of cognitive function in patients, and to explore the relationship between cognitive function and the severity of the disorder.

目的：探讨精神分裂症病人在IVA持续操作测试中的反应控制能力、注意力等，并与健康人进行比较，从而量化精神分裂症病人的认知功能损害，并进一步探讨其认知功能与疾病严重程度的关系。

Main effective factors including subcooling degree, mechanical vibration, gas hydrate reformation, environment temperature, noncondensing gas and surfactant are analyzed.

指出过冷度、机械振动、重复生成水合物、环境温度、不凝性气体、添加剂是影响气体水合物生成的主要因素，还对R152a水合物的放冷进行了实验研究。