查询词典 spatial point

Based on the water environment spatial data mining and visualization method, the paper presents these main characteristics and innovations:①Measurement of contamination fluxes:A scene-based research strategy is proposed:measurement /water quality analysis→flow field simulation→contamination transformation rule→fluxes scene simulation→temporal-spatial rule analysis.②Serial numerical models of water environment in the Qiantang River:The controlled equations of the flow field model of the main river,united controlled equations of the main contamination fluxes and water quality prediction model at emergent time are set up.③GIS-based water quality and contamination fluxes decision-making assistance system:A water environment database has been set up;based on MapX and C#.net platform,a system has been developed to facilitate visual inquiry,decision-making and graphics export.

本文基于水环境空间数据挖掘与可视化的研究方法与体系，研究中的主要特色与创新点为：①河流污染物通量测算的技术与方法：提出了基于工况测量/水质分析→流场模拟→污染规律解析→通量情景模拟→时空规律分析的研究方案；②钱塘江水环境模拟系列数学模型：建立了钱塘江干流研究区域流场数学模型的控制方程、主要污染物通量模型的联合控制方程、突发污染事故水质预报模型的基本方程；③基于GIS的水质预报与污染物通量决策支持系统的研发：建立水环境时空数据库，基于MapX和C#。net平台进行系统的构建与开发，为研究的系列成果提供可视化的查询、决策与图形输出。

By means of 10m spatial resolution SPOT images themajor rupture zone can be revealed distinctly, meanwhile, 1m spatial resolution IKONOS images display the fine structures and kinematical characteristics of the surface rupture of the earthquake.

应用高分辨率卫星影像进行地震地表破裂带解译，10m分辨率SPOT卫星影像能够清楚地反映出地震地表破裂主破裂带的形迹， 1m分辨率IKONOS影像能反映出地震地表破裂的精细结构及运动特征。

This articles main innovation is to have independently developed a set of distributional spatial data integration software from the first floor, has constructed the spatial information application service platform prototype based on the SIG frame city by using this software, and has solved the distributional isomerism space data conformity demonstration and in the client side realize to the far-end data operation and so on the essential technology.

本文的主要创新之处在于是从底层自主开发了一套分布式空间数据集成软件，利用该软件构建了基于SIG框架的城市空间信息应用服务平台原型，解决了分布式异构空间数据整合显示及在客户端实现对远端数据的操作等关键技术。

The software is constituted a set to have three structures patterns (the customer level, the logical level and the data level) the distributional spatial data platform software, this software mainly by based on number according to the data searches the module, isomerism space data conformity module, the spatial data browser three big modules constitutions.The paper altogether divides five chapters.

软件由基于元数据的数据查找模块、异构空间数据整合模块、空间数据浏览器模块构成，利用该软件能开发出具有三层结构(分别为客户层、逻辑层和数据层)模式的分布式空间数据集成平台。

Many tree species at the same time and solve the spatial heterogeneity which empirical method could not achieve. Therefore, the assessment method could be applied in the selection of species for afforestation or species selection in the forest restoration areas.From collecting the attributes of planting species, spatial distribution data and environmental factors, we could integrate and analyze the data for further simulating the forest dynamics of forest in Taiwan. The impact of global change on forest also could be evaluated.

应用生育地因子评估树种之生态地位，能解决统计实证方法在空间异质性使用的限制，并可同时评估多种树种，因此可应用在造林树种之选择，亦可应用於崩塌地复育造林树种之选择，以及林相改良造林树种之选择，在收集更多树种属性与空间分布资料后，配合此评估方法，未来更可模拟出台湾森林之动态，以及评估环境变迁对台湾森林所造成的影响。

Taking a winter wheat field (4 400 m2) of Jinghai county seed farm as experimental plot,sampling by regular grid with with 10 m ×10 m grids,48 sample points were oriented by GPS receipt machine to analyze soil water content at the depth of 0~20 and 20~40 cm in pri-winter,jointing stage and filling stage of winter wheat.The spatial distribution map of soil water of the winter wheat field using geostatistical analyst model of ARC/INFO was drew.And the spatial variability of soil water in vertical and horizontal direction was analyzed.The results could offer scientific evidence for the deciding of the exact time and quantity for winter irrigation.

以天津市静海县良种场内一块长约110m，宽约40m的冬小麦田作为试验区，采用规则格网采样，按照10 m ×10m设置格网，共设48个采样点，通过GPS手持机进行定位，分别于小麦越冬前、拔节期、灌浆期，利用便携式土壤湿度数据采集器对试验地各个采样点0~20、20~40 cm 2种深度土壤含水量进行了测定，利用ARC/INFO的地统计分析模块绘制了冬小麦3个不同生育期试验区土壤水分空间分布图，并分析了其垂直和水平方向的空间变异特征，以期为确定最佳灌溉时机和灌溉量提供科学依据。

For the leaf area index of the three forest types, there was a similar variation trend, i.e ., increased first and decreased then, with the maximum presented in mid-July or August for Q. mongolica and J.mandshurica forests while in mid-August or September for F. rhynchophulla forest. The canopy porosity of the three forest types also had a similar variation trend, but opposite to leaf area index, being decreased first and increased then, with the minimum presented in mid-June, July, August or September. The analysis of variation coefficients of leaf area index, transmitted direct gap light, and transmitted diffuse gap light indicated that the spatial pattern of leaf area index in July-September was the main factor affecting the spatial distribution of transmitted diffuse gap light.

结果表明，3种林型的叶面积指数变化总体趋势是一致的，均呈先上升再下降的单峰曲线，蒙古栎林和胡桃楸林都是在7月中旬或8月中旬达到最大峰值，花曲柳林是在8月中旬或9月中旬达到最大峰值；3种林型冠层孔隙度的变化总体趋势也是一致的，呈先下降再上升的单峰曲线，不同样地峰值出现的时间也不同，最低峰值在6、7、8、9月中旬均有出现；通过对不同月份的叶面积指数、林下散射光、林下直射光的变异系数分析表明，7—9月叶面积指数的空间格局是影响林下散射光空间分布的主要因素。

The map symbolization is the first key in this model. The spatial data can be compiled through map symbols. For publishing paper map, some approaches, for examples, area feature symbolization, feature covering, making mask and so on, are accomplished on the process. It is the second key that spatial attribute database management is applied in digital mapping.

本文指出解决空间数据的地图表达是实现一体化生产模式的第一个关键，其中地图数据符号化技术贯彻全部过程，实现了基于地图符号的空间数据生产，并在地图出版阶段，通过面状符号配置、要素压盖、蒙片等地图出版处理技术，实现地图出版；本文把属性管理技术应用在地图制图中，实现了属性数据库支持下的地图编辑。

Research on the 3D spatial data index system According to the topological construction and operation of 3D spatial data model, a compound index method is put forward, and effectively solved the problem of huge amount of data in 3D volume models which has directly brought difficulty to the various analysis in geo-science.

三维空间数据索引机制研究根据模型的拓扑构建以及分析操作，提出了对应的内存组织与外存结构相统一的复合索引方法，在一定程度上有效地解决了三维矢量数据模型在拓扑构建及各种分析操作中受限于超大数据量的瓶颈问题。

The spatial heterogeneity of soil water in alpine meadow is found to be the highest, and that of the soil water in alpine shrub is comparatively low. What is more, the spatial heterogeneity of soil mater in desert grassland shows an unstable trend influenced by many outside factors.

结果表明，高寒草甸土壤水分的空间异质性最高；而高寒灌丛的较低；沙化草地的空间异质性受到多方面外界因素的影响而表现出不稳定的态势。

The statistical analysis of this large set of mutations has led us to propose a diagnostic strategy that should help with the molecular work-up of optic neuropathies.

这一大系列基因突变的统计学分析引导我们提出一个诊断策略，可以帮助我们对视神经病变进行分子学的诊断检查。

The results show that the pipe grouting changes the mechanical parameters of surrounding rocks to achieve the security of engineering objectives by reinforcing surrounding rocks and bolcking the water.

研究表明：小导管注浆一方面改变了围岩的力学参数，另一方面利用浆液的固结特性可以实现堵水和加固围岩的工程目标，使隧道在开挖过程中的安全得到保障。