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The physical model and simulation mathematical model for high-frequency floating new structure caseless and common structure auto-rifle are established separately in this dissertation when they are in conditions with or without restrain, the simulation model sets are constructed and some simulation models are tested by the comparison with theoretical value to test value.

本文分别建立了无约束和有约束条件下高频浮动新结构无壳弹枪和常规结构自动步枪的物理模型和仿真数学模型，它们构成了&仿真模型集&，通过理论值和实验值的比较，对部分仿真模型进行了验证。

In building the simulation models for manufacturing missions, based on the combination with the multi-agent method and the GOOPN method, the compoundable method is presented, which makes the models more intelligent. Based on the result above, combined with the GOOPN models and the GERTS model, we put forward EPN-GERTS model through embedding Petri net into GERTS model, which can simplify the complexity in building models, and also improve the defects of GERTS model in describing resource conflicts and Petri net model in building models. In building the simulation models for development missions, the improved GERTS model is present to describe the development processes in QRMS. Through dynamically computing the redo times in GERTS, the improved model can reflect the operation character of development process. The simulation results are more precise when we use the models above.

针对构建快速研制系统的仿真对象问题，提出了基于多Agent的快速研制系统可靠性复合仿真建模方法，增强了仿真模型的智能性；在此基础上，针对制造任务，将Petri网嵌入到GERTS网中，提出了用于快速研制系统制造任务可靠性仿真的EPN-GERTS模型，简化了建模过程，同时也能考虑任务之间的资源冲突；针对研制任务，提出了用于快速研制系统研制任务可靠性仿真的改进GERTS模型，该模型可以描述设计迭代过程的动态运行特点，使仿真结果更加准确。

In this paper, taking one 1900t/h supercritical pressure once—through boiler installed in East boiler company as subject investigated, analyzing the structure and characteristic of unit, from the mechanism of units, based on the law of quality conservation, energy conservation and momentum conservation, having Lagrange fluid particle tracing idea in hydrodynamics field application in analyzing of unit operational characteristic, author build up the nonlinear distributed parameter general dynamic mathematical model of single-phase heating surface or diphase heating surface in the steam-water system for supercritical pressure once—through boiler, which is suitable numerical calculation and simulation for large scale disturbance and full working conditions change, and enough materializing distributed characteristic of thermodynamic parameter in process and time lag characteristic of energy transportation in tache. The transient responses curve of the system main variables under several disturbance are computed by Computer Simulation for the model, and theoretical analysis shows that the simulation results are reasonable.

本文以东方锅炉集团公司的一台1900 t /h超临界压力直流锅炉为研究对象，在分析机组结构和特性的基础上，从机组的工作机理出发，以质量、能量、动量守恒定律为依据，将流体力学领域中的Lagrange流体质点追踪思想用于机组运行特性的分析上，建立了适用于超临界压力直流锅炉汽水系统单相、双相受热面的非线性分布参数通用动态数学模型，该模型适合于大扰动全工况变化的数值仿真计算，充分体现了过程热力参数的分布特性和环节中能量输送过程的时滞特性，并对模型通过计算机仿真得出各种扰动下系统主要变量的响应曲线，从理论上分析了仿真结果的合理性。

The simulation method based on the measures of disproportionality theory can be extended, and the simulation data generated can be applied very abroad. It is an important and practicable method to provide simulation data to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity, merit and shortcoming, feasibility and practicability of various methods of detecting adverse drug reaction signal.

基于不相称性测定理论的数据模拟方法仿真性、扩展性和可控制性强，能够广泛适用于各种信号检测方法，对研究各种方法的灵敏度和特异度、优点和缺点以及应用的可行性和实用性等具有十分重要的意义。

Based on analysis of the current state of the flow pattern modeling abroad and at home, explains the meaning of the mathematical simulation of the flows in the valve.(2) Comparing flow simulation data of jet pump with its experimental one, the feasibility and reliability of FLUENT used for flow simulation are proved.(3) Based on the characteristic of valves, the fluid field analysis of specific ring-spray type flow-adjustable is finished. The valve structure is optimized to meet the need, which makes it have such advantages:(1)smaller vortex area and faintish vortex intensity, so the vibration of vortex is controlled effectively;(2)the pressure is distributed more equality, the transition area is larger.

论文的主要内容包括：(1)简述了阀门研究的现状与发展，在分析与总结国内外流体流动模拟研究的基础上，探讨开展阀门内水流运动数值模拟的意义；(2)对特定型号的射流泵进行了内部流场的数值模拟研究，并与实验数据相比较，验证了应用Fluent进行数值模拟的可行性和可靠性；(3)针对调流阀的特点，对特大口径环喷式流量调节阀进行流场计算，其设计指导思想如下： 1、控制旋涡，减小旋涡区，减小涡的强度； 2、控制压力分布，使阀体受力更均匀，改善局部应力状态，提高阀门使用的安全性； 3、最小绝对压力高于水的汽化压力，不产生汽蚀。

In order to do simulation of production management system in CIMS, in chapter 4 the formalistic of computer simulation, special formula of setting a model and the process of setting the model is well discussed. These lay a foundation for setting up the simulation model of production management system in CIMS.

为了进行CIMS生产管理的计算机仿真研究，第四章对计算机仿真模型的公式化，特定的建模公式，以及仿真模型建立的途径和过程作了深入的研究，为建立CIMS中生产管理仿真模型奠定理论基础。

Clinical requirement in dental simulation is firstly analyzed and performance goal of haptic display is proposed. Based on characteristics of human haptics, software system of surgery simulation and force rendering is developed and prototype of surgery simulation system is established using Phantom desktop. Dental exploration and cutting operation in cavity preparation are simulated with haptic and graphical display capabilities.

全文首先通过分析牙科手术模拟的临床需求，提出了力觉显示手术仿真系统的模拟指标；针对操作者触觉生理学特点，基于力觉交互设备Phantom desktop，开发了手术仿真和力觉渲染软件，建立了手术模拟原型试验系统；以牙面探查和牙体预备中的切削操作作为研究对象，实现了力觉和图形集成显示的手术操作过程模拟。

In this paper, the 3-D finite element relocating mesh method is used to calculate the temperature field and the thermal creep stress field of spillway dam and mid level outlet dam in certain roller compacted concrete gravity dam, sensitivity analysis have been down with different parameters, such as placing temperature, the location of cooling pipe, cooling temperature, time for water supply, ascended-layer of concrete, intermissive time and different placing time, and the commendatory construction scheme have been put forward in such analysis; according by the test result on the two scheme of concrete aggregate combination (basalt as coarse aggregate and limestone as fine aggregate, basalt as coarse aggregate and basalt as fine aggregate), simulation analysis on temperature field and thermal creep stress field of the commendatory construction scheme have been down, and analysis have also been down on temperature field and thermal stress field of the two different aggregate combination, the result indicates that the spillway dam and mid level outlet dam which adopted these two aggregate combination can both satisfy the require of design crack resistance in concrete, furthermore limestone as fine is better than basalt as fine aggregate; the effect of summer water storage and winter water storage on the temperature field and thermal stress field have been analyzed, comparing with winter water storage, in summer water storage scheme the maximum tensile stress at abnormal concrete in upstream fill is decreased by 0.1～0.3MPa and there are no evidence change of the maximum tensile stress at other parts, which indicate that summer water storage is avail for the crack resistance of upstream fill; according to the simulation calculating result and comparing temperature simulation calculating results and temperature controlling measures of some similarity projects both completed and construction, synthesis appraise have been carried to the design temperature controlling measures of dam, and the temperature controlling measures of this project have been brought forward, all these have great reference value on the design of temperature controlling measures and the optimization of the construction scheme.

本文采用三维有限元浮动网格法仿真计算程序，对某碾压混凝土重力坝的溢流坝段和中孔坝段分别进行了三维有限元温度场和温度徐变应力仿真计算分析，对浇筑温度、冷却水管的布置方式、冷却水温、通水时间、浇筑升程和间歇时间、不同开始浇筑日期等参数进行了敏感性分析，在此基础上提出了推荐的施工方案；根据两种骨料方案(玄武岩粗骨料+灰岩细骨料方案；玄武岩粗骨料+玄武岩细骨料方案)的混凝土性能试验研究成果，对推荐的施工方案进行了温度场和温度徐变应力仿真计算，并对比分析了两种不同骨料情况下的温度场和温度应力，结果表明溢流坝段及中孔坝段采用上述两种骨料均能满足混凝土的抗裂设计要求，且灰岩细骨料优于玄武岩细骨料；计算分析了夏季蓄水和冬季蓄水对坝体温度场和温度应力的影响，夏季蓄水方案与冬季蓄水方案相比，坝体上游变态混凝土区域最大拉应力小0.1～0.3MPa，其他部位最大拉应力无明显变化，夏季蓄水对坝体上游面混凝土的抗裂有利；根据仿真计算成果并通过比较国内一些已建和在建的类似工程的温度仿真计算成果及采取的温控措施，对大坝的设计温控措施进行了综合评价，并提出了该工程的温控措施，对温控设计和优化施工方案具有重要参考价值。

To solve the problem of channel with distortions, an adaptive circuit is configured by a new laddered method based on relevant articles, and simulation study was made on four dimensional Chua's chaos oscillator. The simulation results demonstrated that: synchronization of two chaotic oscillators can be achieved when adaptive circuit has adaptive capability. Synchronization of two chaotic oscillators cannot be achieved when adaptive circuit has no adaptive capability. Simulation studies were done for five scroll chaotic oscillators that achieve bond-orbit, coupling and pulse synchronization.

为了解决信道畸变问题，根据相关文献提出的梯度法，本文构造了一种自适应同步电路，并以四阶变型蔡氏混沌振荡电路为例进行仿真研究，仿真结果表明：当自适应同步电路具有自适应效应时能实现有噪声干扰情况下的两个混沌振荡电路的同步；若自适应同步电路没有自适应效应时，则不能使两个混沌振荡电路同步；以5涡卷混沌振荡电路为例用键波同步法、耦合同步法、脉冲同步法进行同步仿真研究。

The paper presented a positivistic petri nets simulation model of strategic army railway transportation,and studied the operation of the train simulation methods and the handling of unexpected events,and gave an example of simulation,the result of which are analyzed by indicators.

论文提出了大规模部队铁路输送的Positivistic Petri网仿真模型，研究了列车仿真运行的模拟方法和对突发事件的处理方法，并结合算例对仿真结果进行了指标分析。

Chimborazo and Cotopaxi, took me by the hand.

越过琴博腊索山和科托帕克西山。

This car is in a good condition.

这辆车的状况很好。