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ConclusionOur datas showed that Ihh and PTHrP signaling way are highly express in PSCs andmay play an important role in rats\' epiphyses entochondrostosis process. They form anIhh-PTHrP signaling axis with an interaction of negative feedback ring.

在软骨膜来源的前软骨干细胞中也存Ihh和PTHrP信号通路，两者构成Ihh-PTHrP信号轴，并通过负反馈调节机制相互影响和制约，以独立或协同的方式对细胞的增殖和分化发挥关键性调节作用。

1、Cur inhibits K562 cells growth and induces cell apoptosis may be correlated with the down-regulation of p210~、inhibition of protein tyrosine phosphorylation and the signaling molecules such as p-Erk1/2、c-myc which are relevant with cell growth and apoptosis; 2、Cur synergizes STI571 to inhibit K562 cell growth and induce cell apoptosis may be correlated with the down-regulation of p210~、inhibition of protein tyrosine phosphorylation and the signaling molecules such as Hsp90、PKC which are relevant with cell growth and apoptosis; 3、Cur reverses the resistance of K562/G01 cells to STI571, and synergizes STI571 to inhibit K562/G01 cell growth and induce cell apoptosis; 4、Cur inhibits human originated CML CD34~+ cell growth、induces cell apoptosis, and enhances STI571 to down-regulate the expression of p210~, finally inhibit cell growth and induce cell apoptosis.

从以上实验结果我们得出如下结论： 1、Cur抑制K562细胞增殖、诱导细胞凋亡的作用可能与其下调p210~、蛋白酪氨酸磷酸化水平以及抑制下游p-Erk1/2、c-myc等信号分子有关； 2、Cur协同STI571抑制K562细胞增殖、诱导细胞凋亡的作用可能与其下调p210~、蛋白酪氨酸磷酸化水平以及抑制Hsp90和下游PKC等信号分子有关； 3、Cur可逆转K562/G01细胞对STI571的耐药性，并与STI571协同抑制K562/G01细胞增殖和诱导凋亡，其抑制K562/G01细胞增殖、诱导细胞凋亡的作用可能与其下调p210~、蛋白酪氨酸磷酸化水平以及抑制下游Procaspase-3和NF-κB等信号分子有关； 4、Cur可抑制来源于CML患者骨髓的CD34~+细胞的增殖并诱导其凋亡，还可协同STI571下调CML CD34~+细胞p210~表达，进而协同抑制细胞增殖、诱导细胞凋亡。

The invention provides a method and device for networking using M3UA protocol and message forwarding. The method comprises following steps configuring every signaling point as direct connection, quasi- direct connection office direction; configuring data for direction connection and quasi direction connection; routing for signaling message for message forwarding.

本发明提供了一种使用M3UA协议组网及消息转发方法和装置，该方法包括以下步骤：按照组网需求将各个信令点分别配置为直连、准直连局向；为直连和准直连局向进行数据配置；为信令消息选路以进行消息转发。

A cell is not just a well-mixed container of chemicals, but an extremely intricate system of membranes, vesicles and signaling pathways. Although a number of milestones have been built though endeavor for over a century, much is still left to discover about the spatial organization and mobility of macro-molecules (such as proteins, protein complexes, nucleic acids, signaling substances, etc.) in cells, and the spatial relationships between cells in tissues.

细胞不仅是大量化学物质的容器，也是膜、泡囊和信号传导通路组成的复杂系统，尽管通过一个多世纪的努力，细胞生物学研究取得了若干重大进展，但是关于细胞内特定高分子(如蛋白质、蛋白质复合体、核酸和信号传导物质等等)的空间组织和运动规律以及组织内细胞空间关系等许多问题的机理目前仍不清楚。

Hes5 gene, a key downstream mediators of Notch signaling that functions by inhibiting the expression or activity of positively acting bHLH factors, is a member of bHLH transcription factor family which acts as a positive-negative transcriptional regulators which is expressed transiently in different stages in cells growth and differentiation and orchestrate those precisely timed and progressive maturational events underlying cell fate decisions according to orders of time and spatial and coordinated the function of majority of signaling transduction on target genes to influence the proliferation and differentiation.

Hes5是Notch通路转导途径的一个关键的下游信号分子，通过抑制正调控bHLH因子的表达和活性来发挥作用，隶属于碱性螺旋-环区-螺旋转录因子家族。该家族形成一个正负转录调节器，按时空顺序短暂表达于细胞发育分化的不同阶段，介导和协调多种信号系统对大量靶基因的作用，影响细胞增殖、分化。

Here we reviewed current understanding of the HH signaling mechanisms that governs the establishment of the HH gradient and the transduction of the HH signaling with an emphasis on the intr...

近年来通过对其信号传导途径深入研究，发现HH信号的异常与人类肿瘤形成有密切的联系，有可能为肿瘤的诊断和治疗提供新途径。1 HH信号途径1.1 H

Fibronectin is a very important biological molecule in collagen glucoprotein that plays a number of important roles in the extracellular matrix. It has roles in structural support and signaling cues for cell survival, migration, differentiation, gene expression, growth factor signaling, cell contractility, epithelial tissue repair, alignment regularization and organism immunoregulation.

纤维连接蛋白(fibronectin，FN)是一种具有重要生物学活性的非胶原糖蛋白，是细胞外基质(extracellular matrix，ECM)的重要组成部分，参与机体的细胞连接黏附、增殖分化、信号传导、基因表达、收缩调节、上皮组织修复、排列规则化以及机体免疫调控等重要的生理功能。

To investigate the function of Nogo-A in neurons, human embryonic kidney cell line 293FT was used as a model, along with the pathway profiling reporter system to check the involvement of Nogo-A in regulating the intracellular signaling pathway. It was found that over-expression of Nogo-A could activate NF-κB signaling specifically, then followed by using different Nogo-A alternative splicing isoforms and a serial of truncations, it was confirmed that the activation of NF-κB by Nogo-A relied on its N-terminal proline rich domain. Furthermore, by co-expressing the dominant negative mutants of some NF-κB pathway associated proteins, it revealed that the IκBα,TRAF6, Rac/Cdc42 were involved in Nogo-A inducing activation of NF-κB.

为探讨神经元内Nogo-A的功能，以HEK293FT细胞为模型，利用信号途径报告基因系统筛选过表达Nogo-A对多种信号途径的调控作用，发现过表达Nogo-A能特异激活NF-κB信号，利用不同的Nogo-A剪接体和截断体形式研究，证明Nogo-A激活NF-κB信号依赖于其氨基端的proline rich结构域，进一步使用NF-κB信号途径相关分子显性突变体揭示IκBα、TRAF6、 Rac/Cdc42 参与Nogo-A激活NF-κB信号。

To investigate the function of Nogo-A in neurons, human embryonic kidney cell line 293FT was used as a model, along with the pathway profiling reporter system to check the involvement of Nogo-A in regulating the intracellular signaling pathway. It was found that over-expression of Nogo-A could activate NF-KB signaling specifically, then followed by using different Nogo-A alternative splicing isoforms and a serial of truncations, it was confirmed that the activation of NF-kB by Nogo-A relied on its N-terminal proline rich domain. Furthermore, by co-expressing the dominant negative mutants of some NF-kB pathway associated proteins, it revealed that the IkBα,TRAF6, Rac/Cdc42 were involved in Nogo-A inducing activation of NF-kB.

为探讨神经元内Nogo-A的功能，以HEK293FT细胞为模型，利用信号途径报告基因系统筛选过表达Nogo-A对多种信号途径的调控作用，发现过表达Nogo-A能特异激活NF-kB信号，利用不同的Nogo-A剪接体和截断体形式研究，证明Nogo-A激活NF-kB信号依赖于其氨基端的proline rich结构域，进一步使用NF-KB信号途径相关分子显性突变体揭示IkBα、TRAF6、Rac/Cdc42参与Nogo-A激活NF-kB信号。

While the β-catenin homologus Aardvark of Dictyostelium is absent, adherent junctions are lost. Aar also has a function in cell signaling and regulates expression of pre-spore gene.

盘基网柄菌β-连环蛋白同源物Aardvark的缺乏使细胞间失去粘著连接，Apr也有信号转导功能，调控了前抱子细胞基因的表达。

It is like a mustard seed, which a man took and planted in his garden.

好像一粒芥菜种，有人拿去种在园子里，长大成树，天上的飞鸟宿在他的枝上。

The increase in narcissism was stronger for women than for men in both datasets.

在自我陶醉的增加是更有力的比这两个数据集男性。