查询词典 operational research

In the new situation of market economy and intense competition of internationalization, this paper based on the research and analysis of the regular patterns of operation in modern commercial enterprises, systematically brings forward a new framework for operation in modern commercial enterprises,explicating respectively the input of operational elements, the management of operational activities, as well as the output of operation and its beneficial results as specified in the contents and compositional foundation and.

在市场经济和国际化竞争日趋激烈的新形势下，在对现代流通企业经营规律分析研究的基础上，必须要比较全面系统地设计出现代流通企业经营基本模型的新框架，并分别阐明经营要素投入、经营管理活动和经营效益产出的具体内容及构成依据，才能为创新完善现代流通经营理论提出独到的建树。

The course will cover: summarization of health services research; investigation of family health inquiry; headway of international health services research; headway of national health serices research; the design of the survey; Quantitative research methods; Qualitative research methods; Participatory assessment; quality control in the survey; certainty of the keystone in health; need, demand and use of health services; quality control of health services; sanitary human resource; health expenses; health sevices research and regional health programming; health services and health items evaluation; process evaluation; benefit evaluation; integrated evaluation of health services; administrators of health development; research on the development of community health services; equitableness of health services; inspection of behavior risk factors; etc.

本课程内容主要包括：卫生服务研究概论；家庭健康询问调查；国际卫生服务研究的进展；我国卫生服务研究的进展；调查研究设计；定量研究方法；定性研究方法；参与性评估；研究中的偏价倚题和质量控制；重点卫生问题的确定；卫生服务需要、需求与利用；卫生服务质量管理；卫生人力资源；卫生费用；卫生服务研究和区域卫生规划；卫生服务与卫生项目评价；过程评价；效益评价；卫生服务综合评价；卫生发展管理程序；社区卫生服务的发展研究；卫生服务公平性；行为危险因素监测等。

In this paper we build a university scientific research management information system based on Client/Server and three-layer structure of ASP technology, and introduced the design aims, tasks and principle of the system with systematic investigation and analyzsis of demand., With the principle of integrality, practicability, opening, precursive and generality, data stream and data structure are analyzed detailedly, and logistic model which fits university scientific research management was established based on advanced structure system analysis method. In addition, it puts forward a series of the whole scheme of scientific research management system which bases on internet adapts large database development.the design of this system adapts new internet/intranet techonlogy and it can make us gather and share the whole provincial university scientific research information.lt studies and establishes oology structure and using platform of our provincial university scientific research management system, In addition,it also designs and formulates the system at the experimental unit(the scientific research department of NEAU).The scientific research management information system of NEAU is one part of the network information management system.

本课题采用基于客户／服务器和三层结构的ASP技术，在系统调研、需求分析的基础上，给出了基于互联网的省高校科研管理系统的设计目标、任务和原则；本系统的开发遵循完整性、通用性、实用性、先进性和开放性的原则，采用较为先进的结构化系统分析方法对数据流程、数据结构进行详尽的分析，制定一个适合高校科研管理的逻辑模型；提出一套基于互连网络的、采用大型数据库开发的科研管理系统的整体方案；系统设计采用Internet／Intranet全新技术，可做到全省高校科研信息集成与共享；研究制定我省高校科研管理信息系统的拓扑结构及应用平台，利用试点单位，设计和制定我省高校科研管理信息系统的功能结构和信息资源结构。

This thesis is divided into four parts, first part one has explained the background of the research, puts forward to the problem of the thesis, thinking and method; The second part two has introduced the overview of northwest under developed area, and analyzed the characteristic of local university"s scientific research of northwest under developed area and the demand of young teachers; The third part, according to the current situation motivation of scientific research the young teachers of local university in Gansu as the individual case, carrying on comparative analysis to local university"s young teacher"s scientific research in Gansu Province; The forth part has combined the typical case - the current situation of Gansu Province, put forward the measures to the northwest under developed area that concerning the scientific research motivation for young teachers: Intensity of research funding of the young teachers should be moderate; Young teacher"s assessment of results should not give priority to symbolic achievements and patent for invention; the structure of graduation school the young teacher of local university should be optimized; It is necessary to strengthen the training of the scientific research of the young teachers;It is necessary to set up the teachers sabbatical leave system and improve the system of floating of teachers of local universities.

因此，本研究选择了甘肃地方高校青年教师的科研激励问题作为论文的个案，力图对西北欠发达地区地方高校青年教师的科研激励问题提出对策性建议。本研究共分为四部分，第一部分阐述了研究背景，梳理了相关的文献资料，提出研究的问题，思路和方法；第二部分首先介绍了西北欠发达地区概况，并对西北欠发达地区地方高校科研的特点及青年教师的需求特征进行了分析；第三部分由于甘肃地方高校青年教师科研激励现状在西北欠发达地区地方高校中具有典型性和代表性，以甘肃省地方高校青年教师科研激励现状为个案，对甘肃省地方高校青年教师科研激励措施进行了比较分析；第四部分结合个案——甘肃省地方高校青年教师科研激励的现状，提出西北欠发达地区地方高校青年教师科研激励问题的对策性思考：科研资助强度应适中；成果鉴定不宜以标志性成果和发明专利为主；优化地方高校青年教师学缘结构；加强地方高校青年教师的科研培训；建立学术假制度以及完善地方高校人才流动制度。

First,introducing the history trace,impact and function of Chinese comment thinking research.The conception of single case research,the difference between single case research and else research methods,the basic content of single case research,the logic basis of single case research, four assay strategies of single case research etc.

一，介绍作为分析基础的中国评论思想研究的历史沿革、作用和社会功能；作为技术基础的单个案例研究方法：个案研究的诸概念、个案研究与其他研究方法的比较、个案研究方法的基本内容、个案研究方法的逻辑基础、个案研究的四种分析战略等。

Since the physically carrying on the research of thorough study to the topic of this aspect currently quite a little, and this topic concerns to in personal complicated mental state the true feeling and the sharing of difficult expression, the complexity of its grain's not using the quantize research can investigate of applicably the quality method gives the thorough investigation.Hence the research carries on the preliminary study research with the individual cases depth interview method, and leading the research before being used as this research topic, providing the reference direction of the follow-up research and the actual situation operation.

由於目前对此方面的课题实际进行深入探讨的研究相当少，且这个课题牵涉到个人的复杂心理中真实感受及分享时的困难表达，其脉络的复杂性非使用量化研究可探究的，可适用质性方法予以深入探究，因此本研究以个案深度访谈法进行初探性研究，做为此研究主题之前导研究，提供后续研究及实务运作之参考方向。

The second part theoretically explains the connotation, the characteristic and the significance of the teacher's research in the processing evaluation .the teacher's research in the processing evaluation is that the teacher as the main researcher, in view of the question encountering during the processing evaluation, carries on the motion research in the help of the specialized researcher's instruction, mainly in the mutual help of the teacher companion; It is that the teacher carries on the research in this specific domain of the processing evaluation, so it belongs to the category of teacher's research. And it has common character ,such as practicality, openness and scientific nature which the teacher's research has, simultaneously it also has own research character such as productive nature and processive nature ; It has the significant practical significance in regarding of the processing evaluation ,the teacher career development and the students development.

过程性评价中教师研究是教师作为研究主体，针对在过程性评价过程中遇到的问题，在专业研究人员指导下，主要是在教师同伴互助下进行的行动研究；它是教师在过程性评价这个特定领域中进行的应用研究，属于教师研究的范畴，具有教师研究的一般特点如实践性、公开性和科学性，同时也具有自身的研究特点如生成性和过程性；其对于过程性评价、教师专业发展和学生的发展都有重大的意义。

However, there are also some problems exist in education research: there are attitude and behavior difference between the principals and teachers toward the research; Lack of knowledge and training; unbalance between research and teaching; poor management method and unperfected management system; shortage of research fund; low efficiency of research result; lack of support and instruction from outside; unbalanced research development, and so on.This article discusses the results mentioned above and gives some measures to solve these problems exist in education science research of primary and secondary schools.

但同时也发现，校长和教师的教育科研观念与行为之间存在较大的反差；缺乏教育科研知识和方法的培训，科研知识和方法欠缺；教育科研与常规教学工作的关系还需进一步摆正；科研管理机构不健全、管理体系和管理制度不完善；科研经费普遍不足；科研效果欠佳；科研获得外界的支援、指导少；不够重视课题成果的推广应用；科研的发展很不平衡等问题。

To predict the geometric operational range of an acoustic homing torpedo under different hydrological condition, this paper presents a method to determine geometric operational range by using sound ray density.

为预报声自导鱼雷在不同水文条件下的几何作用距离，提出了运用声线密度判定几何作用距离的方法。

This method is based on the Snell law of acoustic propagation in water. Different velocity gradients among linear layers in water are utilized to draw the sound ray chart, and a mathematical model of the geometric operational range is built. Furthermore, the geometric homing range is predicted with sound ray density, a prediction system of geometric operational range for acoustic homing torpedo is designed and the function of the system is realized through a system software. The sea trial demonstrates the prediction validity of the system.

该方法基于声波在水中传播的Snell定律，利用水中各线性分层间不同的声速梯度，绘制声线图，建立了几何自导作用距离的数学模型，并通过声线密度对几何作用距离进行预报，设计了声自导鱼雷几何作用距离预报系统，并通过系统软件实现了其功能，经测试，该系统在海上试验中取得了良好效果。

You can get the best service in the first-class cabin, but you pay for it.

在头等舱可以得到最好的服务，但那是你付钱买来的。

It will make the characters of ethnical and local culture eliminated. On the other hand, this tendency stimulates the arousal of the selfconsciousness of ethnical and local culture. The selfconsciousness comes from the recognition, that is the global culture be a combination of kinds of local culture, not a one kind of culture.

民族和地区&的概念从来就是与&全球的概念相伴的，人类文化的全球化趋势同时也促进了民族性和地区性文化意志的勃兴和加强，它们构成了多种文化并存的全球文化体系中的有机组成部分。