查询词典 nuclear physics

In this thesis the process of constructing the non-perturbative Hamiltonian theory is de-scribed and is applied to estimate the vacuum condensate. It contains the following contents:At the very beginning, by using the path integral method and eliminating the gluon freedom, aGCM action 〓 of current quarks including lower order current-current coupling was derivedfrom the QCD Lagrangian and the effective Hamiltonian operator that could hardly be doneby the normal methods was derived. After doing this, the broken vacuum is introduced whichincludes quark-antiquark condensate through the generalized Bogoliubov-Valatin transformation,the effective Hamiltonian of constituent quark was derived. The detailed formulas containingthe spatial current-current coupling term for the effective Hamiltonian and gap equations wasworked out by parameterizing the correlation kernel as a quadratic potential. And then, the gapequation was solved and the quark-antiquark condensate of vacuum was studied both in the casesof instantaneous interaction and retarded interaction. In the end, the effective Hamiltionian withtwo-body quark-quark interaction was derived with one-body approximation, and with the helpof the functional integral method the coupling non-linear dynamic equations for systems withnuclear matter was derived. Finally, these equations were solved by selfconsistent method andthe effect of nuclear matter on vacuum condensate was studied. The spatial current-current coupling term is too difficult to handle, hence the correlationkernel is assumed to be not important and usually omitted in the pure vacuum condensate, andthe instantaneous interaction generally is adopted. Retaining the spatial current-current termand partial retardation effect, the quark pairs condensate in pure vacuum was studied, and theeffect of quark mass was also studied. At present, little study is focused in the case with nuclearmatter and spatial current-current term also omitted. Under the approximation with partialspatial current-current term, the effect of nuclear matter on vacuum condensate was studied.

本论文描述了量子色动力学整体色对称模型哈密顿量方法的构建过程，得到了反映正反夸克对凝聚真空结构的关于组分夸克的有效哈密顿量算符，它隐含了胶子作用，并且准确至流-流耦合项；接着，通过参数化哈密顿量中的夸克作用关联核，导出平方禁闭势参数化选择的哈密顿量的具体公式和能隙方程；随后，应用公式，编程求解，考察了瞬时作用下和部分延迟作用下真空的正反夸克对凝聚，在计算中保留了空间流-流耦合作用；之后，导出瞬时势和延迟势下包含二体作用项的哈密顿量公式，并采用单体化近似，通过泛函变分方法得到核物质存在时耦合的非线性动力学方程；在保留部分空间双流耦合作用的近似下，求解核物质的动力学方程，考察核物质密度对真空凝聚的影响，以往考察真空凝聚，对关联核的选用，由于空间流-流耦合项不易处理，也认为作用不大，常忽略该项，并且常采用瞬时作用；本文保留空间双流项和部分延迟作用，考察了真空情形的夸克对凝聚，还考察了夸克质量对纯真空凝聚的影响，以往对核物质存在情形的真空凝聚考察很少，也都忽略空间流-流项，本文在考虑部分空间流-流项近似下，考察了核物质存在对真空凝聚的影响。

In 1938, germany scientist hendrik discovered nuclear fission. afterwards, denmark's bernar further discovered that nuclear fission generates extremely high energy. this energy started received attention from everywhere.

1938年德国科学家哈恩发现了核分裂现象，之后丹麦的伯尔更发现核分裂时会产生强大的能源，这种能源也开始受到各方的注意。

The changes included that the protrusions on the cell surface diminished, myofilaments and pinosomes in the myoepithelial cells of grade Ⅱ,Ⅲ atypical hyperplasia decreased, and the irregularity of the nuclear morphosis and the increase of nuclear heterochromosome were found.

乳腺不典型增生时肌上皮细胞数目增多，排列紊乱，电镜下可见：①细胞表面的棒状突起消失；②Ⅱ、Ⅲ级不典型增生时胞浆内的肌微丝和吞饮小泡减少；③细胞核增大，不规则，异染色质增多。

In the early stage of breast cancers, diploid cells (DNA quantity, 2C) and the nuclear size were slightly enlarged, while in the late stage of breast cancers, heteroploid cells (DNA quantity, 5C, even 9C) were seen and the nuclear size was significantly enlarged.

乳腺癌早期，细胞核为2倍体（DNA定量为2C），核面积略大；而乳腺癌晚期，可出现5C，甚至9C异倍体细胞，核面积明显增大。

In the relativistic σ-ω model, the influence of the parameters in self-interaction of σ meson to the equation of state of normal nuclear matter, especially, to incompressibility, effective mass, and coupling constants, is studied in detail. We find that these parameters have an intense relationship to the property of nuclear matter.

在相对论σ-ω模型里，详细讨论了σ介子的自相互作用参数对正常核物质物态方程的影响，特别是对核物质的不可压缩系数、有效质量，以及σ介子与核子、ω介子与核子之间的耦合常数的影响，发现这些参数与核物质的性质之间有紧密的联系。

The isoscalar giant monopole resonance for finite nuclei and the nuclear matter incompressibility are studied in a consistent relativistic approach, which achieves a great success in describing the properties of nuclear ground states.

采用近来在研究核基态中极为成功的相对论模型研究有限核的同位旋巨单极共振，从而给出核物质的不可压缩性系数。

High-density material lying at the circumference of a proacrosomal vesicle was arched with a gap in Solen grandis, but round in Solen strictus. From this gap a proacrosomal vesicle of Solen grandis began to invaginate and deform while it moved to the nuclear front. However a proacrosomal vesicle of Solen strictus did not deform until it reached the nuclear front.

大竹蛏精细胞前顶体囊的高电子密度物质分布在周缘呈一个带缺口的弧形而不是圆形，而长竹蛏前顶体囊周缘的高电子密度物质呈一圆形分布；大竹蛏的前顶体囊是先内凹变形，然后一边变形一边移动，而长竹蛏的前顶体囊是在到达核前端后才开始变形。

Based on an amendment of ionization potential in hydrogen-like ions in terms of the theory of relativity and interaction of electron spin-orbit, we take into account the effect of the nuclear volume and the nuclear mass for the ionization potential.

在类氢离子电子束缚能一级相对论及电子自旋－轨道作用修正的基础上，考虑到原子核的质量效应及体积效应，计算了类氢离子的电离能，计算结果与文献提供的实验数据相符合，弥补了其他方法的不足。

Philippe Joubert, Alstom Executive Vice President and President of Alstom Power Systems, said the agreement solidifies UniStar Nuclear Energy's position as a leader in the U.S. nuclear renaissance.

阿尔斯通电力系统总裁兼首席执行副总裁Philippe Joubert说，此协议加固了UNE在美国核技术复兴中的领导地位。

Abbreviation east boiler in Guangdong mountain bay nuclear power plant electric power of 2 × 1000MW island of nucleus of the caboodle that press water advocate equipment cent bag makes medium karyoplasm protect practice to be exemple, elaborated nuclear equipment to make what quality assures outline build principle and main run mode, the concerned staff that assures the job with producing industry quality for pursueing facility of our country nucleus is referenced.

质量保证作为核设备制造管理的核心和主要内容，已成为制约核电设备制造国产化的关键因素之一。本文以东方锅炉股份有限公司在广东岭澳核电站2×1000MW压水堆核岛主设备分包制造中的核质保实践为例，阐述了核设备制造质量保证大纲的建立原则和主要运行方式，以供从事我国核设备制造行业质量保证工作的有关人员参考。

This paper designs the communication system of radio telescope FAST.

针对500m口径球面射电望远镜FAST分布式控制系统的特点完成了其通信系统的设计。

Political sheep's step-by-step a large number of fossils unearthed in the county soil Ma Ali after rural village in the middle of sallow pelitic siltstone.

步氏和政羊化石大量出土于广河县阿力麻土乡后山村，产于灰黄色泥质粉砂岩中。