查询词典 micro method

Main points of the thesis are as follows:(1) The main function models and information relations between these models in the CAPP system in the integrated CAD/CAM project are explained, a new process plan design method is mentioned based on analyses of process plan design. This method is based on the process plan prototype, and develops the prototype little by little until the perfect process plan is completed, the prospect of this method is discussed;(2) The feature abstracting rules and methods are studied, a feature coding system is developed based on GT, all the defined feature models are described by the mathematical methods;(3) The integrated method of CAD/CAPP based on features is mentioned, this method defines a feature exchanging model, and develops an interface software to exchange design data into technology data base, this technology data base includes the design and technology information of the parts;(4) The process plan reasoning method based on features is created, this method uses Mycin algorithm to solve the reasoning of the feature process plan. A process plan making system is developed. In this system part process plan is made by the semi-intelligent method, this method uses the feature reasoning, feature process chain searching and man-computer talking together;(5) The main structure of the HOPE system is introduced, a shaft drawing and its process plan made by this system are shown, the data process problem in process drawing making is also discussed;(6) A new method of describing process rule is introduced, this method uses IfThen rules and neural nets weight values together to describe process rules, the BP algorithm is adopted in this method;(7) The optimal machining sequence problem of the process steps on the same fixturing is discussed, optimal algorithms SA is applied to solve this problem, the result shows that this method is more efficient than the traditional method;(8) All jobs in the thesis are summarized. In order to carry out the research in the future, some rational proposals are given.

全文论述的内容主要有下列几个方面：(1)较为系统地阐述了CAD／CAM一体化工程项目中CAPP系统的主要功能模块及其信息流程，在分析工艺设计过程的基础上，提出了基于特征原型的渐进式工艺设计方法，并探讨了该方法的应用前景；(2)研究了零件特征提取的原则和方法，在成组技术的基础上，开发了一套基于特征的分类编码系统，并在提取零件特征的基础上，定义了零件特征的数据模型，开发了基于轴类零件特征的参数化设计系统；(3)研究了基于特征的CAD／CAPP集成的方法，通过定义零件特征数据模型的存储结构，开发了将设计数据转换到工艺数据库中的接口程序，为后续的CAPP系统提供必要的零件形状和工艺信息；(4)研究了基于特征的工艺推理方法，将Mycin算法应用到工艺决策中，开发了基于特征的工艺推理及工艺方案生成系统，在系统中综合运用特征推理、特征加工工艺链查询及人机对话相结合的半智能化方法确定零件加工工艺；(5)介绍了整个HOPE系统的总体结构，通过运行HOPE系统绘出了一轴类零件的零件图，并生成了该零件的加工工艺方案，初步探讨了基于特征的工序图生成技术中数据处理问题；(6)研究了工艺设计过程中知识如何有效表示的问题，提出了将显式的IF-THEN规则表示与隐式神经网络权值表示相结合的工艺知识表示方法，并利用BP算法进行了工艺知识表示的初步研究；(7)研究了工艺设计过程中同一安装下工步优化排序问题，利用神经网络中基于模拟退火的理论来解决该工步优化排序问题，实践证明该方法较传统的算法具有更高的效率；(8)总结了本文所进行的研究工作，为今后进一步开展工作提出了较为合理的建议。

This system included s light micro-scope to magnify the image of the micro-structure and project the image of the CCD camera; froze the high speed motion station of micro-structure based on stroboscopic principle to get a serial of dynamic images; and used the optical algorithm based on label field and neighborhood optimization method to motion estimation for sequential images of micro-structures to obtain dynamic characteristics parameters.

系统包括：利用光学显微镜来实现微结构的放大，并将图像投影到CCD摄像机上；基于频闪成像原理来冻结微结构的高速运动状态，获取一系列动态图像序列；基于提出的标号场和邻域优化法相结合的光流算法对微结构的运动序列图像做运动估计，获取其重要动态特性参数。

As a special micro-power source, thermoelectric micro-generator is of interest for its applications in Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems. Electrochemical deposition method took the advantage at the fabrication of thermoelectric material in micrometer scale. In this paper, the detailed reduction processes of Bi~(3+) and HTeO~(2+) were studied for the first time. And thermoelectric nanowires were also prepared by electrochemical deposition. On the basic study of thermoelectric material, detailed exploration was made to the design and fabrication process of thermoelectric micro-generator.

作为一种特殊的微动力能源，微型温差发电器在微机电系统中的应用前景引起了人们极大的兴趣，电化学沉积方法在制备微米级尺寸的温差电材料方面具有显著的优势，本文对Bi~(3+)和HTeO~(2+)离子的电化学还原过程展开了详细的研究，并尝试了利用电化学沉积方法制备Bi_2Te_3纳米线材料，在温差电材料研究的基础上，对微型温差发电器的结构设计和制造过程进行了详细的探讨。

In this paper Ⅰ successfully applied these methods to fault diagnosis, and presenting some new innovative machinery fault diagnosis method; First Ⅰ present a new gear wornout fault diagnosis method, this method use the vibration signal's time-frequency attribute and instantaneous phase undulation to accurately detect gear's fault, and by comparing with the traditional frequency domain analysis method, this method reveals that many nonlinear and nonstationary characteristic exist in gear's vibration, this tell us that if we use frequency domain analysis method without pay attention to the signal's characteristic, we could get wrong diagnostic result; Then Ⅰ present a new bearing fault diagnosis method, this method use ATVFD and Hilbert transform to do envelop demodulation,Ⅰ analyze the envelop with time-frequency method and find out that this method is more accurate then traditional method.Ⅰ also explain that the modulation of the fault to the carrier wave may also be non-stationary and nonlinear; Finally Ⅰ present a cylinder pressure measurement method of diesel engine by means of vibration, cylinder pressure is an important parameter of diesel engine fault diagnosis, the pressure measuring is simplified a lot by this method,Ⅰ also use the ATVFD and time-frequency analysis to realize it.

本文中将上述理论方法成功地应用到故障诊断中去，提出了几点创新性的诊断方法；提出了一种齿轮磨损故障诊断的新方法，该方法利用振动信号能量的时频域分布特征与瞬时相位波动特征可以进行精确的齿轮故障诊断，并通过与传统的频域诊断方法的比较，揭示出齿轮振动中存在的明显的非线性与非平稳特征，说明了不加选择地利用频域分析方法进行齿轮故障诊断很可能会得到错误的诊断结果；提出了一种轴承故障诊断的新方法，该方法利用ATVFD分解与Hilbert变换进行包络解调，并对解调得到的包络信号进行时频域分析，可以实现更加准确轴承故障诊断，说明了故障对载波信号的调制往往也是非平稳与非线性的；提出了一种利用振动信号进行柴油机汽缸内压力检测的新方法，柴油机汽缸压力的变化是柴油机故障诊断的重要参数，利用振动方法可大大简化汽缸压力的检测过程，该方法也是综合利用ATVFD分解与时频域分析方法实现的。

Based on the analysis of micro -bolometer resistance -temperature characteristics, a new readout circuit was proposed. It allowed micro -bolometer operate without a temperature stabilizer over a wide range of ambient temperature. And it need a Flash memory to store the correcting factors of different temperatures and a temperature sensor to detect the ambient temperature of the micro -bolometer. By utilizing the factors in the Flash memory, Digital Analog Converter controls the micro -bolometer bias current to compensate the fluctuation of ambient temperature.

通过对微测辐射热计的电阻温度特性的分析，设计了一种新型无需温度稳定装置的读出电路，该电路的Flash存储器存储不同温度下的校正系数，温度传感器实时检测探测器的环境温度，从Flash中取出相应的温度校正系数送入数模转换器，通过DAC的电压输出来控制探测器偏流以进行环境温度补偿。

This study presents the investigating of microchannels flow. It is divided into two parts, the flow characteristics of micro venturi and the performance of straight-walled and curved-walled micro nozzle/diffuser respectively. The experimental results are also compared with the simulation results whereby we can observe the flow field in micro venturi and discuss the bounder effect of micro nozzle/diffuser.

本文主要是针对微喷嘴的空气流场进行研究与探讨，研究分为两部分进行，分别是探讨微文氏管的流力特性及曲面微喷嘴边界对流力效能的影响，并将实验结果与CFD软体的分析结果相互比较，藉以观察微文氏管内之流场分布并探讨微喷嘴较佳之流力性能。

The region between the circular brown band generated by cell lipid exosmosis and the band of the wound in the non-transgenic cotton Z35's leaves, is wider than that of the transgenic cotton T-34's leaves, and no micro-HR was found in Z35, the intensity of leaves wilting is much serious, by contrast, micro BR was found around the wound region within the transgenic cotton leaves inoculated with the pathogen, but the micro-HR was not found in the transgenic cotton treated with water and around wound region of non-transgenic cotton Z35 leaves which showed that there was micro-HR defence in transgenic hpa1xoo cotton.

棉花黄萎病菌侵染叶片后，非转基因棉花叶部伤口周围细胞无微过敏性反应，受病原菌侵染的叶片萎蔫程度较重；转hpa1xoo基因棉花叶部伤口周围细胞有微过敏反应，叶部刺伤处仅有较小的坏死斑，且不相连，发病较轻，而清水处理的转基因棉花与非转基因棉花叶片中伤口周围均无微过敏反应，说明病原菌侵染诱导转hpa1xoo基因棉花产生微过敏防御反应，转hpa1xoo基因棉花较非转基因棉花有较强的抗病性。

In this paper, the system construction of a micromanipulation robot based on hybrid control of micro-vision and micro-force was introduced, and the micro-vision system and micro-force system and their principle were described.

简单介绍了一种基于显微视觉和微力觉柔顺混合控制的微操作机器人的系统构成，并重点介绍了显微视觉系统和微力控制系统的组成及工作原理。

The micro mechanism considers that the inclusion in material, called micro defect crack, is the nucleus of internal crack initiation, interaction, between the stress field of the micro defect crack tip as loading and strain field of crystal lattice caused by crystal point passim (as vacancies or interstitial atom, H, O, N et al), will trap the point passim, and cause the enrichment of point passim around the micro defect crack.

其中疲劳裂纹内部萌生的核心是材料中的第二相粒子、夹杂物或微空洞，称为微裂纹；而微裂纹的长大是材料中间歇原子或空位等点缺陷在微裂纹尖端富集沉淀的过程，微裂纹的长大速率受到点缺陷富集扩散速率和疲劳载荷的双重影响。

Computer micro-vision, Mirau microscopic interferometry, stroboscopic photography and laser Doppler vibrator are integrated into this platform. In-plane and out-of-plane periodic motion characteristics of micro-resonator are measured, and out-of-plane transient motion of micro-mirror is analyzed. In-plane displacement, motion phase and resonance frequency can be measured by integrating computer micro-vision with stroboscopic photography, and the repeatable accuracy of in-plane displacement is 30 nm.

实验结果表明，利用计算机微视觉和频闪成像技术能够实现微结构的平面位移、运动相位及谐振频率等周期运动参量的测试，位移的重复精度为30 nm；利用显微干涉和频闪成像技术可实现微结构的离面位移及表面扭曲等周期运动参量的测试，位移的重复精度为3 nm；激光多普勒测振技术具有在频域上对微结构瞬态运动进行分析的优点，是时域上周期运动测试的重要补充。

"The operators will suffer a temporary decrease in the number of consumers and short message services as people may not like having to provide their ID cards for a phone number," Xu Junqi, vice-dean with the Policy-Making Institute of the Telecommunications Research Centre under MII, said yesterday.

信息产业部下属的通信决策研究院副主任徐俊其昨天说：&实行手机实名制后，人们可能不太情愿用身份证注册手机号，所以通信运营商会暂时面临用户减少和短信用户减少的问题。&

I don't believe in make-believe!

我不相信这些虚构的故事。