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According to evaluation of the thermal, hydraulic, environmental and mechanic characteristics and energy performance of building and VAV air-conditioning system, and evaluation of the control performance of local control loops using the simulator of VAV system, this paper presents five on-line supervisory control strategies for local control loops: on-line optimization of VAV supply air static pressure set-point, on-line optimization of AHU supply air temperature set-point, on-line optimization of on/off set of CAV sub-system, on-line optimization of outdoor air set-point and on-line optimization of chilled water secondary pump pressure set-point.

通过数字仿真器对建筑物及其变风量空调系统的热力、动力、环境和能耗等运行特性的模拟，以及对系统常规采用的下位机控制回路可控性和稳定性等控制特性的研究和分析，本文先从局部的角度开展了系统局部优化的研究。提出并在仿真器上分别实施了VAV送风静压设定的实时优化，AHU送风温度设定的实时优化，CAV子系统开／停的实时优化，新风量设定的实时优化以及二级泵冷媒水供水压差设定的实时优化。

Also, calculate the distance of a line, calculate the mid point of a line, calculate the mid point of an arc, convert radians to degrees and vice versa, send characters to the AutoCAD command prompt, add single and multiple-line text to a drawing, add a new layer, calculate the slope and angle of a line, switch to model and paper space, check for existence of a block, see if a block has attributes, search and replace block attributes/single-line text/multiple-line text, count/erase/highlight/de-highlight specified number of a specified object, etc, etc. Doing each function with straight Visual Basic would require several lines of code, but with CAD.OCX only a minimal amount of code is required!

此外，计算出的距离为限，计算中的点线，计算中点的一个弧形的，转换成弧度，以度，反之亦然，送字给AutoCAD命令提示中，增加了单剂量和多行文本，一绘画中，增加一个新层，计算出坡度和角度的一条线，开关，以模型和图纸空间，检查是否存在著一个座，看有没有座了属性，搜索和替换块属性/单线text/multiple-行文本，计数/擦除/高/解突出指定数量的指定对象，等，等做了每个函数与直Visual Basic中，将需要几行代码，但与cad.ocx只有极小量的代码需要！

This paper studied the earnings managements of the listed companies by dividing the accrual into above-the-line accruals and below-the-line accruals. And for above-the-line accruals and below-the-line accruals of 2002, I divided above-the-line-accruals into working capital accruals and nonworking capital accruals. Then I used modified Jones model by adding industry variables to study the new characteristics of earnings management in 2002. This paper provides evidence that the listed companies still used below-the-line accruals as the main earnings management instrument. On the other hand the listed companies also used working capital accruals as one of their earnings management instruments. On the basis of the studies above, I build two proxies of the earnings management.

本文首先通过对2002年上市公司盈余管理的分项实证研究来观察各种制度实施后上市公司利用线下项目进行盈余管理是否得到了一定的遏制，实证过程中采用修正的横截面JONES模型加入行业变量并经过适当变形对上市公司年报线上项目和线下项目，并进一步将线上项目分解出营运资金相关项目和非相关项目两项进行盈余管理的实证研究，发现企业对线下项目的操纵仍然在企业盈余管理中占据主要地位，但从某种程度上看，线下利润的操纵得到了一定的抑制，另外企业对营运资金应计项目的盈余管理也是显著的。

Company's main products are: plug-in line, belt assembly line, wave soldering, hot air reflow, tooling plate differential chain assembly line (the General Armament Department, the Department installed), the hoisting of transmission lines, transmission lines linked board, roller conveyor line, painting bake A section of line, conveyor belts, turn conveyor, climbing conveyor, conveyor chain plate, hoist; white non-toxic food industry conveyor belt through the FDA testing; electronics industry, from the PCB plug-in automatically on the board → automatic →→ wave plate → detection → product assembly, electronic automation equipment higher color TV sets, refrigerators, air conditioners, washing machines, water heaters, VCD, DVD, LCD, speakers, computers and other home appliances, electronic products整机assembly, with the Department of , The General Armament Department, aging, testing, packaging, complete sets of production lines, whole plant logistics transportation; parts material handling industries, climbing, hanging chain and improve delivery of materials between floors; motorcycles, electric bicycles, scooters linked the board assembly line ; Pieces of metal, plastic, pieces of the surface coating paint systems, liquid of paint systems, automatic painting system, water-lim painting

公司主要产品有：插件线、皮带装配线、波峰焊、热风回流焊、工装板差速链装配生产线、悬挂输送线、板链输送线、滚筒输送线、涂装烤漆线、皮带输送机、转弯输送机、爬坡输送机、链板输送机、提升机等；食品行业白色无毒输送带通过FDA检测；电子行业，从PCB插件→自动上板→全自动波峰焊→下板→检测→产品装配，电子设备自动化较高；彩电、冰箱、空调、洗衣机、热水器、VCD、DVD、LCD、音箱、电脑等各种家电、电子产品整机装配、部装、总装、老化、检测、包装成套生产线、整厂物流输送；各行业零部件物料输送、爬坡、悬挂链及楼层间物料输送提升机；摩托车、电动自行车、滑板车的板链装配线；金属件、塑料件的表面处理涂装烤漆系统、液体涂装系统、自动喷漆系统、水廉喷漆

Then, a Visual C++ program named Sailing Program is written to do following works: to calculate the parameters of rhumb line and great circle line ; to design the great circle line when it is necessary ; to design the composite line when it is necessary; to print tracks of rhumb line and great circle line on Mercator chart.

我们用Visual C++设计的航线设计程序，可以计算出两点之间大圆航线和等角航线的相关参数；如果有必要进行大圆航行的话，程序将计算出大圆航线的航路点；如果需要混合航行的话，程序将进行混合航线设计。

A rubber strip (10) may be scalene triangular shape, a trapezoidal shape or a parallelogram shape having has a bottom line (11) forming a strip width, a first diagonal line (12) extending from one end of the bottom line (11) and a second diagonal line (13) extending from the other end (P2) of the bottom line (11), a length (L0) of the bottom line is set to 5 to 50 mm, and a thickness thereof is set to 0.2 to 5.0 mm.

橡胶条(10)的形状可以是不等边三角形、梯形或者平行四边形，上述形状具有形成条宽的底边(11)，延伸自底边(11)一端的第一斜边(12)和延伸自底边(11)另一端(P2)的第二斜边(13)，底边的长度(L0)设定为5-50mm，其厚度设定为0.2-5.0mm。

1 The Overall Plans for the Metropolis of Beijing describes stringent protection for seven scenical lines, including Yingdingguan Hill, the line fromDrum Tower to Deshengmen, the line fromDrum Tower to the White Tower at Beihai, the line from Jingshan Hill to theDrum Tower, the line from Jingshan Hill to the White Tower at Beihai, the line from Jingshan Hill to Yongdingmen, with The Palace Museum in the middle way, the City Tower at Zhengyangmen, and the line from the Watchtower to Qiniandian at the Temple of Heaven.

13.0.1 《北京城市总体规划》规定的7条城市景观线必须加以严格保护，包括银锭观山、鼓楼至德胜门、鼓楼至北海白塔、景山至鼓楼、景山至北海、景山经故宫和前门至永定门、正阳门城楼、箭楼至天坛祈年殿。

Lines which were 2n=21"+1" and one line which was 2n=20"+2", one line which was 2n=43. The salt-resistance addition line Line15 was confirmed as a Disomic alien addition line by C-banding, SSR, FISH methods, and the two alien addition chromosomes had close correlation with the long arm of the second homoeologous group, the centromere region of the third homoeologous group and the short arm of the seventh homoeologous group. We also confirmed the particular C-banding type of the alien addition chromosomes by C-banding following FISH method. The drought-resistance addition line Line17 was found also as a Disomic alien addition line by SSR and FISH detection. The alien addition chromosomes had close correlation with the short arm of the second homoeologous group.

对导入赖草优质耐盐基因的株系Line15进行了C-分带、荧光原位杂交、SSR相结合的鉴定，确认Line15是一个二体异附加系，附加的一对染色体与小麦的第二同源群长臂、第三同源群着丝粒和第七同源群短臂密切相关，并确定了Line15的外源染色体C-分带特征带型，为目后鉴定Line15附加系的真伪提供了简便快捷的途径；对抗旱附加系Line17进行了荧光原位杂交和SSR检测，得出Line17也是一个二体异附加系，外源染色体与小麦的第四同源群短臂密切相关。

After the application of this model to the MITL-A of Sandia Z-accelerator, it is found that: the formation process of magnetical insulation leads to the increase of line current and the decrease of line voltage; If the initial line current is infinite, the terminal line voltage and current are almost the same as the initial ones; If the ratio of the terminal space-electron current to the terminal line current is less than 10%, the change of terminal line voltage and current of the MITL-A relative to the initial is less than 5%.

将模型应用于Z加速器的MITL-A发现：磁绝缘形成过程将导致线电流增加和线电压降低；如果初始时刻的线电流无限大，则终止时刻的线电压和线电流与初始时刻相同；当终止时刻的空间电子电流在线电流中的比例小于10%，则MITL-A终止时刻的线电压和线电流较初始时刻的变化在5%以内。

In order to make the right evaluation of the state which is the consumption consume of the steam line system, we make an test of the heat loss of the steam line network. And we also probe into the heat loss of the steam line system and the factors. In order to solve the heat inefficency of the steam line system, we look into the present situation of the steam line network and the state of heat preservation. Then we found the open questions and the weak points of heat preservation. We make the evaluation and affirm the reason of the heat inefficency of the system. We adopted the combination of bench test and engineering optimization, then we screened out high-quality adiabator, and designed the best heating composition. We designed and developed the software"The analysis and optimization of energy of the steam line system in thermal production" It can offer convenience to the computational analysis of heat loss of the steam line system. It can also be used for design calculation and experimental verification of steam pipeline feasible radial-radius, so it can offer technical support for the reduce of heat loss of the system, the raise of well head steam quality and the raise of heat efficicency of the steam injection system.

为了对输汽系统的用能状况作出正确的分析评价，对输汽管线热损失进行了测试计算，对输汽系统热量损失及影响因素进行了探讨；为了解决输汽系统热效率低的问题，从输汽管网现状及管道保温状况调查入手，掌握存在的问题和保温薄弱环节，做出分析评价，确认导致系统热效率低的原因，采用室内试验与工程优化相结合的办法，筛选出优质保温材料，设计最优保温结构，同时设计开发了&热采输汽系统能量分析及优化软件&，为输汽系统热量损失计算分析和保温结构优化提供了方便，还对输汽管线合理辐射半径进行了设计计算及实验验证，从而为降低系统的热能损失，提高井口蒸汽干度，提高注汽系统的热效率提供了技术支持。

He knows that he's one of the mostdominant players in the NBA right now.

我知道他现在是联盟里最有统治力的球员之一了。

Using analysis method of BCG , the dissertation analyzed the management of voluntary service organizations .

利用BCG分析方法对我国的志愿服务组织管理进行了分析。