查询词典 introduced

The truncation error introduced by Fast Fourier Transformation process is discussed, and the algorithm used to reduce such error is introduced.

采用电磁场数值方法计算电机的暂态过程，要比用等值电路的方法更为精确，在系统大扰动及过饱和情况下尤其如此。

In this paper, the FIR low-pass digital filtering method is first introduced for reducing the effects of noise signals in the experiment of velocity measurement of high-temperature flue gas flowing in pipe. The experimental results indicated that, only one peak presents in the cross-correlation graph, which is in good agreement with theoretical analysis result. Secondly, the temperature and pressure pulse signals of the high-temperature flue gas, obtained by thermocouple and pressure sensor, are introduced to explain the applicability of sensor characteristics.

本文介绍在测量管内流动的高温烟气流速的实验中采用FIR低通数字滤波器滤波方法可以排除干扰信号的影响的研究，实验结果证明，经过滤波处理后的信号互相关函数的图形不会出现大小相当的多个峰值，符合理论分析的结果；其次，本文还介绍了用热电偶和压力传感器采集的烟气温度和压力脉动信号，分析了传感器特性对相关测速的适应性。

The principle of quasi-resonance fly-back SMPS IRIS4015 was introduced in this paper, and the application circuit of the IRIS4015 in the design of the SMPS and the design note were also introduced.

中文摘要：本文介绍了准谐式反激式开关电源IRIS4015的工作原理，并介绍了应用IRIS4015进行电源设计的电路和在设计中应特别注意的几个方面。

In the part I, the concept, development and current lawmaking status of E-mail are introduced. In this part, the writer states the source, development and basic technical principals of E-mail and analyses its current application status and the importance of effectiveness identification of being evidence. Besides, related international laws on E-mail and lawmaking status in many countries are introduced. Present situation of our country's lawmaking and related model laws since the utilization of E-business and E-mail are also stated and discussed. Part II emphasizes on the differences between E-mail and traditional evidences and generalizes the characteristics of E-mail, i.e.: forgeability, changeability, dependence, uncertainty, duplicatability and transmission. Through the detailed analysis, the writer concludes that it is the above-mentioned characteristics to hinder E-mail becoming the effective evidence. Part III is the key one of this article and mainly discusses the effectiveness identification of E-mail as evidence. In this part, the writer states how the 5 characteristics of E-mail mentioned in Part II to affect the validity and authenticity of E-mail as evidence.

第一部分介绍了电子邮件的概念、发展及立法现状，在该部分中笔者详细阐述了电子邮件的产生、发展以及电子邮件运作的基本技术原理，论述了电子邮件目前的应用状况以及解决其作为证据被认定问题的重要性，同时还介绍了世界上与电子邮件有关的相关国际规范以及各国立法的情况，并讨论了我国自电子商务及电子邮件使用以来的立法现状以及相关的典型立法；第二部分重点阐述了电子邮件与传统证据的区别，并将这些区别归纳为电子邮件作为数据电文的一种类型所具有的特殊属性，即：易伪造性，易修改性，依附性，原件不确定性，易复制和传播性，通过对这些特性的详细阐述，得出了这些属性是导致电子邮件无法成为有效证据的主要障碍的这一结论；第三部分是本文的重点，着重讨论了电子邮件证据效力的认定问题，该部分主要阐述了第二部分提及的电子邮件的五个特性造成了电子邮件证据在合法性和真实性这二方面的障碍。

Secondly, several common ARMA models and ARCH models are introduced in detail, and fractionally integrated models, such as ARFIMA and FIGARCH, which are developed in recent years, are introduced, too.

然后介绍了几种常用的ARMA模型和ARCH模型，其次重点介绍了近几年刚刚发展的分整模型，即ARFIMA模型和FIGARCH模型，并对其进行比较分析，指出这些模型的不足和适用范围。

First, it introduced the work characteristic of belt conveyer, the development survey, the principle of work and the classification; Next, it introduced the adhesive tape friction drive principle; Finally, it has carried on in detail design and calculation according to the working condition of belt conveyer, like drive, rack and so on.

首先，介绍了带式输送机的工作特点、发展概况、工作原理及分类；其次，介绍了胶带的摩擦传动原理；最后，根据带式输送机的工作条件对其进行了详细的设计计算，如驱动装置、机架等。

Secondly, the rough set theory and data preprocessing are introduced and the general application procedure of rough set theory in data mining is analyzed. Then the authors researches on data discretization and attribute reduction are introduced in detail.

然后，论文对粗糙集理论和数据预处理从理论和技术上做了一些介绍，并对数据挖掘中的各环节运用粗糙集理论的方法进行了分析；随后论文重点对作者在数据离散和属性约简两个方面做的研究工作进行了阐述。

Firstly, Geodesic distance is introduced to overcome the weakness of Euclidean distance. Then, neighborhood rough set model is introduced to make full use of neighborhood local information and also can avoid the discrete process of numerical attributes.

最后将一个二进制DE算法运用到特征选择，为了设计合理的适应度函数，本文首先针对基于欧氏距离类内类间评价函数的不足，引入流形中的测地线距离，力求保持数据集内在特性的基础上，提出了一个基于测地距离的适应度函数。

Firstly, we recall some notions and results about space theory, including Hausdorff space, Hausdorff distance between sets , Baires category about sets and convex set. Secondly, the semi-continuity, closure, compactness of set-valued maps are introduced in set-valued analysis. Finally, essential point, essential set and essential component are introduced.

其中，空间理论及凸集的基本知识介绍了Hausdorff空间、集合间的Hausdorff距离、集合的Baire分类、以及凸集等四个方面；集值分析部分主要介绍单值映射的半连续性以及集值映射的半连续性、闭性和紧性；本质点、本质集和本质连通区部分主要介绍了本质点、本质集和本质连通区等有关概念和性质。

Zadeh introduced fuzzy sets in 1965, a lot of new theories treating imprecision and uncertainty have been introduced.

Zadeh于1965年提出模糊集合的概念以来，大量的处理不确定性的理论陆续被提了出来，其中多数是对Zadeh的模糊集合理论的推广。

If you are unfortunate enough to the lovelorn, please tell me, I will help you out, really, please contact me!

如果你不幸失恋了，请告诉我，我会帮助你摆脱困境，真的，请联系我啦！

China's plan to cut energy intensity by 20 percent and pollutant discharges by 10 percent between 2006 and 2010 is a case in point.

中国计划在2006年到2010间降低20%的能源强度和减少10%的主要污染物排放，就是一个这样的例子。