查询词典 geology

Geological condition is the important factors in study on tunnel excavating disaster inevitably. From the aeolotropy of hard rock of tunnel engineering region, the stress distribution of several kinds of fault to the water gushing of tunnel, the type of geology disaster involved in macrocharacter, main control factors, disaster mechanism and control strategy in tunnel excavating are studied systematically in this thesis.

中文题名隧道开挖地质灾害规律与防治对策研究副题名外文题名 Study on tunnel excavating geology disaster regular and control trategy 论文作者杜炜平导师古德生院士学科专业岩土工程研究领域\研究方向学位级别博士学位授予单位中南大学学位授予日期2001 论文页码总数108页关键词隧道工程地质灾害岩爆馆藏号BSLW /2003 /U45 /1 隧道开挖灾害研究必然以地质因素为其主要研究对象。

Geologists may specialize in the following fields: coal geology, environmental geology, geochronology, geomorphology or surficial geology, geotechnics, hydrogeology, marine geology, mineral deposits or mining, mineralogy, paleontology, petroleum geology, petrology, sedimentology, stratigraphy or biostratigraphy, structural geology or tectonics, volcanology or in other fields.

地质学家可能会专注于以下领域：煤炭地质，环境地质，地质年代学，地貌或地表地质，岩土工程，水文，海洋地质，矿藏或采矿，矿物学，古生物学，石油地质学，岩石学，沉积学，地层学或生物地层，结构地质或构造，火山或其他领域。

The ore deposit remote sensing geology is an interdisciplinary study of gitology and remote sensing geology,which syncretizes the methods of deposit geology and remote sensing geology to identify the inherent relationship between deposit characters and remote sensing information,distinguish the linear and ring structures and their grade system from numerous and complicated lineaments and rings,extract exploration information of tectonic,intrusive body,tectonic denude station and week geology information,such as alteration, special rock and so on.

矿床遥感地质学将矿床学与遥感地质学、矿床地质方法与遥感地质方法相融汇，从成矿地质环境、矿床展布规律及矿床特征出发，识别矿床特征与遥感信息之间的内在联系，厘定纷繁复杂的线性构造、环形构造以及它们之间的组合关系和等级体制，提取构造、侵入体、构造剥蚀程度以及遥感数据中地质弱信息(蚀变信息、特殊岩性信息等)等找矿信息，为快速圈定勘探靶区提供依据。

To the question of unclear base structure framework, the disputed geological horizon and the region deposition system, and under cognition of the distribution of flysch, hydrocarbon reservoir-forming mode of the central uplift belt and south ramp region in the sag, this thesis expatiates the Peleogene structure and the deposition evolution characteristics of the Hhuiming sag, based on the theory of structural geology, sedimentology, petroleum geology, synthetically using the data of geology, geophysics and test analysis, and analyses hydrocarbon reservoir formation mode and its control factor, connect with the petroleum geology achievement. It gives a scientific reference to enhance the exploration effective in the research area.

针对研究区基地构造格局认识不清，地质层位、区域沉积体系认识存在争议，洼陷浊积岩分布情况、中央隆起带及南部斜坡带成藏机理有待深化认识等问题，论文以构造地质学、沉积学、石油地质学等理论为指导，综合利用地质、地球物理和测试分析等资料，开展惠民凹陷古近纪构造与沉积演化特征研究，结合石油地质成果分析油气成藏模式及控制因素，为有效提高研究区勘探成效提供科学依据。

The Geological Society of America dedicates to the advancement of the geosciences, including mineralogy, astrobiology, physiology, geobiology interface, biochemical cycling, geochemistry, planetary geology, engineering geology, coal geology, and archaeological geology so on.

美国地质协会致力于促进地球科学的发展，包括矿物学，太空生物学，物理学，地理物理学界面，生物化学循环，地球化学，行星地质学，工程地质学，煤的地质学，和考古地质学等。

Content abstract: The article from the job category, the investment originated, the operational mechanism three aspects to differentiate and to limit the public welfare and the commercial character two kind of heterogeneity geological work; Has analyzed the geology surveying work reform background, has been clear about the reform guiding principle; Has analyzed under the traditional system the geology surveying work existence malpractice, reviewed the former reform measure; Based on this, the major issue three aspects which from the organization, the operational mechanism and must solve establishes the land resources big investigation the new system, the new mechanism; Finally, the author believed that what the deepened commercial character geology work reform is most essential cultivates the geological minerals Investment company, namely, on the one hand expanded geology investigation investment origin, on the other hand the cultivation geology investigation's subject of investment, and must strive for stock going on the market positively, widely uses the social fund, the reform commercial character geology work operational mechanism.

内容摘要：文章从工作性质、投资来源、运行机制三个方面区分和界定了公益性和商业性两类不同性质的地质工作；分析了地质勘查工作改革的背景，明确了改革的指导思想；分析了传统体制下地质勘查工作存在的弊端，回顾了以往的改革措施；在此基础上，从机构、运行机制和必须解决的重大问题三个方面建立国土资源大调查的新体制、新机制；最后，作者认为，深化商业性地质工作改革最关键的是培育地质矿产投资公司，即，一方面扩大地质勘查的投资来源，另一方面培育地质勘查的投资主体，并要积极争取股份上市，广泛利用社会资金，改革商业性地质工作的运行机制。

The geology research of carbonate reservoirs in Ordovician of Tahe oilfield showed that many large dissolved vugs and fractures were developed. The spread of the reservoir take on a very heterogeneous state. And the typical fractured-vuggy reservoirs was formed. According to the combination of the various spaces, the formation was divided into vuggy formation, fractured-vuggy formation and fractured formation. The research showed that development of the vug is relevant to the its position on the structure, the fractures, the water surface and the weathering surface. Multi-phase charge and recharge of the oil in the reservoirs resulted in the complexity of the fluid distribution. So the"Bottle Model"was brought forward to explain the movement of the water-oil contact. The special storage space and the complex fluid distribution lead to the unstability of the production and the complexity of the water cut. In order to explain the characteristic of the fracture-vug unit was brought forward and the basic principle and method of the partition of the fracture-vug unit was formed. The classification and evaluation of the units were performed according the reserve and energy. Based on the research of geology characteristic and the fluid flow in the reservoir the comprehensive numerical simulation plan of the fractured-vuggy reservoirs were established. Through the selection of the simulation unit, fluid flow type and parameter equivalent the triple media reservoir simulation model was established. Considering the practical application the model was resolved by the DKR decomposition conjugate grads method. Based on the fine reservoir description of Dsitrict IV of the Tahe oilfield the various space type were classified and combined together. The geology model of Unit S48 was constructed. Two typical single well model was established according to the geology and the dynamic phenomena. Finally the single well model and the Unit S48 were simulated by the triple media reservoir simulator. Via the local grid refinement and coarsening in the simulation good matchs were gained. Based on the results of the simulation the reserve distribution, percent of reserve produced in various space and the natural energy were analyzed. The fluid was storaged in the fractures and vugs mostly and more than 90% the produced oil came from the systems. The energy belonged to the active one. The results of simulation accorded with the fact and showed the validity and practicability the research and the simulator.

塔河油田奥陶系碳酸盐岩油藏的地质研究表明，其储层中发育着很多大型的溶蚀洞、缝，储层的平面展布呈现出极度的非均质性，形成了典型的缝洞型碳酸盐岩油藏，根据各种孔隙介质在储层中的组合，将储层分为了溶洞型、裂缝-溶洞型和裂缝型三类；研究表明溶洞储层的发育和构造位置、裂缝的发育、潜水面和风化面的位置等因素有关；多期充注的油气成藏模式导致了流体复杂的赋存状态，由此提出了所谓的"瓶子模型"，解释生产过程中油水界面的变化；特殊的储集空间类型和流体分布特征导致油田在开发过程中表现出很大的不确定性和含水变化的复杂性，为了合理的解释油气田开发过程中的动态特征，提出了"缝洞单元"的概念，并制定了"缝洞单元"纵横向划分的基本原则和依据及划分方法，并对"缝洞单元"进行了分类和评价；基于地质特征和流体在其中流动规律的研究，提出了缝洞型碳酸盐岩油藏的数值模拟综合解决方案，通过模拟单元的选择、流动类型和参数的等效，建立了三重介质油藏三维三相数值模拟模型，采用不完全LU分解预处理共轭梯度法进行了求解；在塔河油田4区精细油藏描述的基础上，将各种类型的孔隙空间进行了归类组合，建立了S48单元的地质模型；通过对油井生产动态进行分析研究，建立了两类和油井地质、生产动态相对应的单井模型；最后应用三重介质油藏数值模拟软件对单井模型和S48单元进行了数值模拟，通过局部加密和粗化等技术模拟流体流动规律，取得了很好的拟合效果；结合数值模拟结果，分析了各种介质中的储量分布、储量产出的百分比以及地层的能量，认为塔河油田缝洞型油藏中流体绝大多数储集于缝洞系统之中，所产出流体90%以上也来自于缝洞系统，其底水能量属于较充足的类型；模拟结果和油田实际情况符合较好，说明了地质研究和油藏数值模拟研究的正确性。

Language. The result show that outburst coal structure can be divided according to features of geology, logging and physical mechanics; according to basic features and mechanism of gas outburst, with geology factors, mathematical geology model predicting gas content, emission and outburst can be established by quantification theory; the result of prediction for gas danger in Huainan Pansan mine by predicting model is relatively reliable, and the weaved map of gas geology can meet the need of production; the design of gas danger prediction software make prediction more convenient and fleeter.

结果表明，根据突出煤体的地质、测井和物理力学特征可以划分突出煤体结构；根据瓦斯突出的基本特征和机理，采用地质因素，利用数量化理论可以建立瓦斯含量、涌出量及突出预测的数学地质模型；利用预测模型对淮南潘三矿瓦斯危险性的预测结果较为可靠，编制的瓦斯地质图可以满足生产的要求；瓦斯危险性预测软件的开发使预测更为便捷和快速。

This text analyzes the concept of the environment geology, settle the geology data by survey and the history data of junction area of Hydroelectric Power Station. elaborate the basic geology characteristic of dam area especially junction area, analyze the problem of geology environment in junction area concluding protogenic geological environment and protogenic geological environment. analyze the Physical geology phenomenon such as collapse and mudflow...etc. predict the probability evoked by earthquake in junction area.

本文通过对环境地质概念的辨析，对泸定水电站枢纽区踏勘所得的地质资料和历史资料进行了整理分析，阐述了泸定水电站库坝区特别是枢纽区的基本地质特征，着重分析了枢纽区的环境地质问题，包括原生地质环境及次生地质环境，对枢纽区的物理地质现象如滑坡、泥石流等做了简单的论述分析，并简单预测了枢纽区可能诱发地震的概率。

Last fall, a paper in Geology and Seismology reported that beforethe Wenchuan earthquake, there were many small foreshocks aroundthe dam.

去年秋天发表在 Geology and Seismology 的一篇论文报道了汶川地震前水坝周围确实有许多微小的前震。

It is also known as one of the most poisonous naturally occurring substances.

它也被称为一个最自然发生的有毒物质。

The greatest stress is found at the location on the cross section where V is the largest.

最大应力出现在横截面上V为最大的地方。