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In this paper, we overviewed the relationship between male gametophytic selection and phenotype of its sporophyte, genetic differentiation and its application in plant genetic improvement, so it would be provided reference information for correlated research of male gametophytic selection.

本文主要概述雄配子体选择与孢子体表型的关系、遗传分化效应及其在植物遗传改良中的应用，以期为雄配子选择相关研究提供参考

The progress of studies on Stylosanthes in the aspects of stylo anthracnose caused by the fungus Collectotrichum gloeosporioides and its genetic diversity and epidemiology, breeding, cytogenetics, cytobiology, tissue culture, protoplasm fusion, gene clone, genetic transformation, classification and molecular makers was reviewed in this paper.

摘要综述了柱花草的炭疽病危害、炭疽病原菌的遗传多态性及流行性、柱花草的抗炭疽育种、细胞遗传学、细胞生物学、柱花草组织培养、原生质融合、基因克隆、遗传转化、柱花草分类、分子标记、航天辐射育种等方面的研究进展。

Accounting for population genetic substructure is important in reducing type 1 errors in genetic studies of complex disease.

在复杂疾病相关基因的遗传研究中人群遗传结构的组成对类型1错误的减少是很重要的。

System of ordinary differential equations ; evolutionary modeling ; genetic programming ; genetic algorithm ; grey systems

常微分方程组；演化建模；遗传程序设计；遗传算法；灰色系统

To overcome the difficulties and drawbacks in modeling the dynamic systems by using traditional methods, a hybrid evolutionary modeling algorithm is proposed to model the dynamic system with a system of ordinary differential equations whose main idea is to embed genetic algorithm in genetic programming where GP is employed to optimize the structure of a model, and GA is employed to optimize the parameters of a model.

针对采用传统方法解决动态系统的微分方程建模问题所遇到的困难和存在的不足，文中设计了将遗传程序设计与遗传算法相嵌套的混合演化建模算法，以遗传程序设计优化模型结构，以遗传算法优化模型参数，成功地实现了动态系统的常微分方程组建模过程自动化。

The thesis analysises the superiority of genetic algorithm in dealing with discreate variables and primal-dual interior point method in dealing with continuous variables, and brings forward a discoupled combined algorithm which is based on the equipment control priority and take advantage of genetic algorithm and primal-dual interior point method, and the emulator of IEEE-30 bus system validates the fesability of the discoupled combined algorithm.

本文分析了遗传算法在处理离散变量和原对偶内点法处理连续变量的优势，提出一种基于设备动作优先级并利用遗传算法和原对偶内点法的解耦组合算法思路，通过IEEE-30节点系统仿真验证了该解耦组合算法的可行性。

Porphyridium cruentum were treated with some antibiotics which were used as genetic selected marks in genetic engineering. The results showed that the algae cells could resist high concentration of Penicillin,Streptomycin,Gentamicin and Kanamycin, without any influence at the dose below 100 u/mL of which can kill bacterium adhere to the algae cells . These antibiotics can be used to repress bacterium in purifying algae strain.Porphyridium cruentum is high sensitive to Erythromycin,Terramycin and Ofloxacin....

研究了基因工程中常用抗生素标记对紫球藻的生物学效应，结果表明紫球藻对青霉素、链霉素、庆大霉素以及卡那霉素较不敏感，剂量在100u/mL以下对其生长无显著影响，但能抑制或杀灭伴生的杂菌，因此这些抗生素可用于藻种纯化过程中抑菌；紫球藻对红霉素、氧氟沙星和土霉素非常敏感，低质量浓度就能杀死藻细胞，可用作基因工程或遗传育种的抗药性选择标记；对四环素和氯霉素较为敏感，明显抑制细胞生长，并呈浓度梯度效应。

The DNA data analysis showed that the average intra-species genetic distance was 0-0.005; there was no significant genetic divergence between the western flower thrips found in Beijing in 2003 and those reported internationally.

分子数据分析显示：种内个体间平均遗传距离在0~0.005之间，2003年在北京发现的西花蓟马与欧洲等地区报导的西花蓟马不存在明显的遗传差异；9种蓟马种间平均遗传距离为0.213。

Firstly,the mathematic model for transportation problem with multimodal transport is analyzed;Secondly,a hybrid genetic algorithm for transportation problem with multimodal transport is presented by introducing a form of hybrid chromosome coding,which considers both transportation quantity and transportation modes,and two hybrid genetic operators.

首先分析了多式联运运输问题的数学模型；其次通过引入关于运输量及运输方式的混合编码，结合两种混合遗传算子，提出了一种求解多式联运运输问题的混合遗传算法；最后用数值例子对算法的有效性进行了验证。

The structure and genetic control of trichome morphogenesis of Arabidopsis have been extensively characterized, showing a number of structural and genetic similarities to cotton fibers.

研究与棉纤维发育相关基因的启动子元件及调节这些基因表达的转录因子有助于了解棉花纤维起始和发育相关的分子机制。

Don not attempt to do something which you can not to do.

不要企图做那些办不到的事情。

The expression of CTGF and TNF-αweredetected by immunochemistry and the number of Clara Cells was calculated.

光镜下观察肺组织的病理变化，采用免疫组化染色观察肺组织中结缔组织生长因子和肿瘤坏死因子-α的表达和Clara细胞的数量。