查询词典 fumaric acid

A phospho molybdic acid catalyst was investigated for the esterification of fumaric acid with methanol in this paper.

研究了以磷钼酸为催化剂，富马酸和甲醇为原料合成富马酸二甲酯，探讨了酸醇量比、反应时间、催化剂用量等工艺参数对 DMF收率的影响。

The method is successfully used to assay lactic acid, fumaric acid, 5-HMF and patulin simultaneously in apple juice.

该方法被成功地用于同时定量苹果浓缩汁中的乳酸、富马酸、5-HMF和展青霉素。

Effects of the amount of fumaric acid, temperature and reaction time on the reaction were investigated. Fumaropimaric acid was purified by potassium-salt method.

分别考察了富马酸加入量、反应温度及反应时间时富马松香制备的影响，并使用钾盐法对制备的富马松香进行纯化得到富马海松酸。

Effects of microwave power, reaction time, reaction temperature, solvent etc. on reaction were studied by a single factor tests. The results show that maleic acid is more active than fumaric acid; the introduction of methyl group on the double bond can weak the reactivity of the Michael addition reaction; the ester base is more propitious to complete the Michael addition reaction than the nitrile base.

为研究微波下迈克尔反应的规律，本文采用单模聚焦微波有机合成仪，通过对顺丁烯二酸、反丁烯二酸和氨水合成DL-天冬氨酸、顺式3-甲基丁烯二酸和氨水合成3-甲基天冬氨酸、丙烯酸甲酯和氨水合成β-丙氨酸、丙烯腈和氨水合成β-氨基丙腈等五个反应对迈克尔加成反应进行了研究。

The toxicity of caprylic acid,capric acid and lauric acid toanaerobic granular sludge as well as the influence of capric acid on toxicity of caprylic acid and lauric acid were studied in batch assays.

采用间歇培养实验研究了辛酸、癸酸和月桂酸等三种长链脂肪酸对UASB反应器厌氧颗粒污泥产甲烷活性的毒性，以及癸酸对辛酸和月桂酸抑制作用的影响。

Water,c12-20 acid peg-8 ester,caprylic/capric triglyceride,proplylene glycol,ppg-15 stearyl ether,chondrus crispus,iris germanica(orris extract/cells),centaurea cyanus,macadamia ternifolia,buxus chinensis,triethanolamine,potassium cetyl phosphate,butyrospermum parkii,c12-13 alkyl lactate,carbomer,phenoxyethanol,methylparaben,imidazolidinyl urea,glyceryl hydroxystearin,tocopheryl acetate.retinyl palmitate,sodium hyaluronate,biosaccharide gum-1,propylparaben,disodium edta,ethylparaben,pentadecalactone,hydroxystearic acid,tetradecyloctadecanoic acid,tetradecyleicosanoic acid,hexadecyleicosanoic acid,butylparaben,isobutylparaben,chlorhexidine digluconate,tocopherol,lecithin,ascorbyl palmitate,glyceryl stearate,glyceryl oleate,BHT,citric acid.

水，C12-20 酸 PEG-8酯，辛酸/癸酸三酸甘油酯，丙二醇，PPG-15 硬脂基醚，卡拉胶萃取，德国鸢尾花提取物/细胞，矢车菊提取物，澳洲坚果油，荷荷巴油，三乙醇胺，十六烷基磷酸钾，牛油果，c12-13烷醇乳酸酯，卡波姆，苯氧乙醇，羟苯甲酯，尿素醛，甘油羟基硬脂酸酯，醋酸盐维他命E，维他命A酯，透明质酸钠，多醣物质，羟苯丙酯，乙酸乙二胺二钠，羟苯乙酯，环十五内酯，羟基硬脂酸，十四烷基十八烷酸，十四烷基二十烷酸，十六烷基二十烷酸，羟苯丁酯，对羟基苯甲酸异丁酯，洗必泰葡萄糖酸盐，维生素E，卵磷脂，抗坏血酸棕榈酸酯，甘油硬脂酸，甘油油酸酯，BHT，柠檬酸。水：几乎所有护肤品成分第一位都是水。辛酸/癸酸三酸甘油酯：润滑剂、扩散剂，棕榈油/椰子油衍生物

The method involves exposing the cells to a compound having the formula I in which: w is a nucleic acid x is a non-amino acid or non-peptide nucleic acid binding group y is a spacer having a chain length equivalent to 1-30 carbon-carbon single covalent bonds or is absent R4 is H or halogen or CH2O-R3; and R1, R2 and R3 are the same or different and are either hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, alkyl, alkenyl, hydroxylated alkyl, hydroxylated alkenyl groups or ether containing alkyl, alkenyl, hydroxylated alkyl or hydroxylated alkenyl groups optionally being an acyl group having a carbon chain length equivalent to 3-24 carbon atoms saturated or unsaturated, with the proviso that at least one of R1, R2 or R3 includes a group having a carbon chain of 3-24 carbon atoms saturated or unsaturated, or to a compound having the formula II in which: w is a nucleic acid x is a non-amino acid or non-peptide nucleic acid binding group y is a space having a chain length equivalent to 1-30 carbon-carbon single covalent bonds or is absent, R5 is alkyl, alkenyl, hydroxylated alkyl, hydroxylated alkenyl group or ether containing alkyl, alkenyl, hydroxylated alkyl or hydroxylated alkenyl group optionally being an acyl group having a carbon chain length equivalent to 3-24 carbon atoms saturated or unsaturated, with the proviso that R5 includes a group having a carbon chain of 3-24 carbon atoms saturated or unsaturated.

该方法包括使细胞暴露于具有式的化合物，在式中：w是核酸，x是非氨基酸或者非肽核酸结合基团，y是具有等于1―30个碳―碳单共价键的链长的间隔基或者不存在，R4是H或者卤素或者CH2O－R3；R1、R2和R3是相同的或者不同的并且是氢、甲基、乙基、烷基、链烯基、羟基化烷基、羟基化链烯基或者包含烷基、链烯基、羟基化烷基或羟基化链烯基的醚，任选地是来源于具有等于3―24个碳原子的碳链长的饱和或不饱和脂肪酸的酰基，其条件是R1、R2或者R3的至少一个包括具有3―24个碳原子的饱和或不饱和碳链的基团，或者使细胞暴露于具有式的化合物，在式中：w是核酸，x是非氨基酸或者非肽核酸结合基团，y是具有等于1―30个碳―碳单共价键的链长的间隔基或者不存在，R5是烷基、链烯基、羟基化烷基、羟基化链烯基或者包含烷基、链烯基、羟基化烷基或羟基化链烯基的醚，任选地是具有等于3―24个碳原子的饱和或不饱和碳链的链长的酰基，其条件是R5包括具有3―24个碳原子的饱和或不饱和碳链的基团。

This paper gives some commensurable researches utilizing experiment combining theory. The whole paper consists of the theoretical and experimental researches. The first part consists of the fundamental study of foamed acid, the flowage of foamed acid as a Non-Newton fluid in the pipe and annular pipe, and the technology of acidification using foamed acid; and the experimental study includes the formula experiment of foamed acid, the Rheological behavior of foamed acid, the seepage and divided flow in the corn of foam, and appraisal experiment of foamed acid.

本论文采用实验和理论结合的方法，开展了相应的研究工作，主要包括两大部分内容：一是理论研究，包括泡沫酸的基本性质、泡沫酸流体作为可压缩非牛顿流体在井筒和环空中的流动规律、以及泡沫酸酸化工艺等方面的理论研究；二是实验研究，包括泡沫酸的稳定性配方、泡沫酸的流变特性、泡沫流体渗流规律和暂堵分流特性、泡沫酸室内评价等室内实验。

The preparation of polymer is required for high purity of glycolic acid, if not, low-weight polymer is obtained, therefore, high purity glycolic acid is scarce in the market. So, the research for the synthesis of glycolic acid is essential. In domestic and overseas, there are many methods for preparation of glycolic acid, including glycin oxidation, cyanogenesis, aldehyde oxidation, coupling of maldehyde and methyl formate, oxalic acid electrolysis, chloroactic acid hydrolysis and so on.

制备羟基乙酸的聚合物时，对羟基乙酸单体的纯度要求较高，否则得到的聚合物分子量较低，导致高纯度羟基乙酸的需求量逐年增长，目前在国内，高纯度的羟基乙酸还没有形成工业化规模生产，对羟基乙酸的合成进行研究是非常有意义的。

With more than 1800 employees, 180 million total assets and 250 thousand square meter industrial area, now we have already developed three subsidiaries: Biochemical Company, Cyder Company and Wine Company; the main products including itaconic acid, itaconic anhydride, dimethyl itaconate, L-Threnonine, L-Tartaric Acid, Kojic Acid, Kojic Acid Dipalmitate, Hyaluronic Acid, Phytic Acid, Cider, Mineral water, Apple vinegar and high-grade grain spirits, etc.

我公司生产历史悠久，技术力量雄厚，现有职工1800余人，厂区面积25万平方米，下属生化公司，苹果酒公司，白酒公司，主要产品有衣康酸、衣康酸酐、衣康酸二甲酯、苏氨酸、酒石酸、苹果酒、苹果醋、琅琊台系列白酒等。

His female bullfighter Lydia gradually Health love, but she was in a vegetative state after the Bulls Zhuangcheng away from her, just because Lydia's ex-boyfriend showed more affectionate than he is like love.

他对女斗牛士莉迪亚渐生爱意，却在她被公牛撞成植物人后离她而去，仅仅因为莉迪亚的前男友表现出好似比他更深情的爱。

I know of none which are not easy to answer, but what I am trying to do now is only by a series of hints to throw some light on the narrow path of legal doctrine, and upon two pitfalls which, as it seems to me, lie perilously near to it.

我不认为有什么难以回答的问题，但我现在要做的仅仅是通过一系列线索，来给法律理论的狭窄路径以及在我看来离它近得危险的两个陷阱提供一些启示。