查询词典 extrapolation method

For preparing for the researches of text digital watermarking and advantaging other researchers" development when using the Chinese mathematical expression theory, this paper designs and realizes a development platform of Chinese mathematical expression. It has been proved by experiments that the platform"s function, execution speed and stability can satisfy the requirements of conversion and operation of enormous data.This research found out that the structure information of Chinese have plenty redundant information that can be used by the Chinese mathematical expression for the digital watermarking, the data embedded can possess better robustness. Based on this finding, this paper designs a kind of text digital watermarking method of embedding watermarking by using Chinese structure, and realizes the method by using the Chinese mathematical expression platform.Considering the watermarking embedding algorithms importance to the robustness of the text digital watermarking, this paper makes fully use of the advantage of the Chinese mathematical expression theory to design a kind of layered text method, which has being realized by using the Chinese mathematical expression platform. The layered text method can handle the text as a solid structure, and the embedding data havepreferable robustness.Finally, based on the researches of the text digital watermarking method and the text layered method, this paper integrates the method of making use of the Chinese structure embedding watermarking with the robust algorithm based on text layered, and realizes a brand-new text digital watermarking method. Proved by lots of experiments, this brand-new method has good robustness and better invisibility.

为了为研究工作做准备和方便其他使用汉字数学表达式理论体系的人进行开发，本文基于汉字数学表达式理论设计实现了一个汉字数学表达式平台，实现了Unicode汉字集中的汉字、汉字数学表达式、汉字的Unicode码之间的相互转化、依据汉字数学表达式提取汉字的结构信息、由汉字数学表达式在非中文平台上不依赖字库显示汉字的图像等功能，使用复合文档技术和流压缩技术进行数据的存储，使用对汉字数学表达式进行二叉树拆分来处理汉字数学表达式中包含的信息，使用自定义哈希函数来提高运行速度，实验证明，该平台功能、速度和稳定性完全能满足大量数据的转化和运算要求；通过研究表明汉字的结构信息中存在大量可使用汉字数学表达式理论加以利用的水印加载空间，加载在该空间的数据可以具有较好的鲁棒性，基于此，本文设计了一种利用汉字结构加载水印的文本数字水印方法，并使用汉字数学表达式平台将其实现；由于水印嵌入算法对于文本数字水印的鲁棒性至关重要，本文充分利用汉字数学表达式理论的优点，设计了一种文本分层的方法，并使用汉字数学表达式平台将其实现，使文本成为一个立体的空间，使嵌入在其中的数据具有更好的鲁棒性；最后在基于汉字数学表达式的文本数字水印嵌入方法的研究和基于汉字数学表达式的文本分层方法的研究的基础上，结合利用汉字结构嵌入水印的方法和基于文本分层的抗攻击文本水印嵌入算法实现了一种全新的文本数字水印方法，经实验证明，该方法有良好的鲁棒性和较好的隐蔽性。

This paper reviews and summarizes the progress in this field as follows: the mathematical model and the difficulty of the analytical solutions is introduced; discusses the latest progress of the numerical solutions is discussed; the finite difference method, the Godunov method, the Boltzmann method, and the KFVS method of one-dimensional dam-break problem are introduced; the TVD method, the discontinuous finite element method, the finite volume method and characteristic method of two-dimensional dam-break problem are discussed; the applicability, the advantage and the disadvantage of each method are analyzed; and the progress in the numerical calculations of flow of fluid with free surface are presented.

回顾和总结了国内外对溃坝水流演进问题的研究进展：介绍了溃坝水流的数学模型及解析解法存在的困难，进而讨论了数值解法的最新进展；论述了求解溃坝水流一维问题的有限差分法、近似黎曼解的Godunov格式法、Boltzmann法、KFVS法和二维问题的TVD格式法、间断有限元法、有限体积法、特征线法，并分析了各种方法的适用范围和优缺点，及讨论了限制函数的使用；介绍了利用自由水面追踪方法计算溃坝水流的研究进展，并根据目前存在的不足和实际工程的需要，提出了进一步研究的方向和发展趋势。

Result: The viscosity and molecular weight of chitosan were obtained with both extrapolation method and one point method.

结果： 外推法和一点法均可用于壳聚糖黏度及分子量的测定。

The paper presents a new method for short-term load forecasting, which applies cluster analysis technique of pattern recognition principle to calculate the similar coefficients between the future day and past days, then chooses the most similar days according to these coefficients and uses linear extrapolation method to predict the load of future day.

短期负荷预测是各供电分公司调度部门的基础性工作，96点日负荷预测采用模式识别中的聚类分析方法，对影响负荷的不同相关因素建立历史映射数据库，在不同日之间计算相关度而得到相似日，并在相似日的基础上采用线性外推法得到预测日的对应负荷。

Based on AFCT, a new adaptive staring principle is established using floating threshold which is calculated by system reference model based on extrapolation method and linear regression algorithm. The principle of "forecasting model on line identifier"and"forecasting model parameters'selftuner"are put forward. In the module of"adjustment mechanism", the forecasting method of break points is introduced to fulfill control functions to "forecasting model parameters'self tuner".

本文详细讨论了针对输电线路主保护的自适应预测模型的建立方法，应用时间序列法和自回归模型或动平均自回归模型建立了精确反映保护对象状态量的系统预测模型，以自回归模型为例给出了"预测模型在线辨识"环节和"模型参数自适应校正"环节的算法，应用"适应机构"实现其对"模型参数自适应校正"环节的控制作用，应用并行计算算法实现了在继电保护中的"预测模型在线辨识"环节，使系统状态预测模型自适应于变化的电力系统。

The microstructures and phases of the alloys were analyzed by OM, SEM and XRD; the erosion resistance of the alloys prepared by different processing were measured under the conditions of simulated-brine and salt atmosphere, besides the various corrosive rates were calculated by the method of weight lost; the lows of corrosion were analyzed by the electrochemical polarization curve, and the corrosive current was measured through the method of Tafel linear extrapolation.

用光镜、扫描电镜、X射线衍射分析了合金的组织与相的组成，测试了模拟海水及盐雾条件下三种工艺制备的材料的耐腐蚀性能，并用失重法定量计算各自的腐蚀速率；利用电化学极化曲线法分析了三种工艺制备的材料腐蚀规律，用塔菲尔直线外推法测定腐蚀电流。

Corrosion action slope cable used in cable-stayed bridge in different corrosion medium such as synthesis sea water, solution NaCl and simulation acid rain are studied by electrochemical method, for example, linear polarization, Tafel extrapolation and AC impedance method.

对此，本论文以人造海水、NaCl溶液、模拟酸雨作为腐蚀介质，针对不同类型的钢绞线，采用线性极化法、Tafel外推法和交流阻抗法等电化学方法研究斜拉桥拉索结构中钢绞线在不同介质中的腐蚀行为。

And the reasonable proposal for the construction the region electrical power system was put forwardThe power load forecast is the basis of the power system planning.With the actual planning of regional development,uses a scientific and effective load forecasting methods forecast plans the local load electric quantity,is an important work to the regional power system planning.This dissertation uses the BP algorithm, proposed a double hidden layer structure artificial neural network to the forecast ultra-short-term power system load.After the simulation with the actual data,the method which this dissertation proposed compared to the traditional linear extrapolation Prediction method average absolute percent error of 2.5 percentage points,ten minute load forecasts achieve the average absolute percentage error are smaller than 2.5%accuracy.

本文利用人工神经网络BP算法，提出了一种双隐层结构的电力系统超短期负荷预测方法，经过对实际数据的仿真实验，本文提出的神经网络超短期负荷预测方法比传统的线性外推法预测平均绝对百分误差降低2.5个百分点，十分钟负荷预测达到平均绝对百分误差小于2.5%的精度。

Uses the biggest strength training method (80%～100% biggest strength) adding 30% biggest strength load training method; the load combination method to make the acclivity to lie pushes the barbell training, good in uses; the biggest strength training method to the upper limb shot fast strength training effect (80%～100% biggest strength) adding the unarmed quickest speed training method and the biggest strength training method (80%～100% biggest strength) adding 60% biggest strength shoulders the training method the load combination method.

用"最大力量训练(80％～100％最大力量)+30％最大力量负荷最快速度训练法"负荷组合方法做上斜卧推杠铃训练，对推铅球上肢快速力量的训练效果好于用"最大力量(训练80％～100％最大力量)+徒手最快速度训练法"与"最大力量训练(80％～1 00％最大力量)+60％最大力量负荷最快速度训练法"负荷组合方法。

The details as follow: 1.Based on rules about form error in GB, mathematical models of form error are established including straightness error on the base of minimizing zone method、least-squares method and two dots linked method ; flatness error based on minimizing zone method、lease-squares method、diagonal line and three dots method; circularity and cylindricity error based on minimizing zone method、lease-squares method、minimum circumscribed circle and maximum inscribed circle.

具体内容如下：根据国标中形状误差的相关规定建立了各种要素评定方法的数学模型包括：直线度的最小区域法、最小二乘法、两端点连线法；平面度的最小二乘法、最小区域法、对角线法、三远点法；圆度和圆柱度的最小区域法、最小二乘法、最小外接圆法、最大内切圆法。

As a dominant party,CPC government should play a guardian,supervisee and guarantee role to overcome all the difficulties in the development of charitable cause and bring it into full play in the establishment of harmonious society on policies and regulations basis.

在中国共产党的文献中第一次把发展慈善事业提到&最广泛最充分地调动一切积极因素，不断提高构建社会主义和谐社会的能力&的高度来认识。近年来，社会学界对慈善事业的理论专著发表较多，有鉴于此，笔者不揣浅陋，谈谈自己的认识和见解。

Flow through the land, the land of the scale of operation allows the effectiveness of the land may be raised.

通过土地的流转，土地的规模经营可以让土地的效益得到提升。