查询词典 exponential decay

The Markov forecast model, time series method (triple exponential smoothing method and a combined of triple exponential smoothing method and Markov model) and stepwise regression forecast method were choosed, and the basic principles and processes of the three models were analyzed and compared. Based on above, the three methods were used to predict population dynamic of Cricetulus barabansis and Meriones unguiculatus. The characteristic, accuracy and applicability of three methods were analysed and compared. The results showed that,(1) Markov model belongs to a middle-long time forecast model, and the result was interval forecast, but it reached the requirement of forecasting the harmful population dynamic of rodents. Through the forecasted population dynamic of Cricetulus barabansis and Meriones unguiculatus in 2004, the results were accurate; this meant that Markov model was a good forecast model to Cricetulus barabansis and Meriones unguiculatus population.

选择马尔可夫链预测模型、时间序列分析法(三次指数平滑法、三次指数平滑法和马尔可夫链预测模型的组合预测法)和逐步回归预测法，对这三种模型的基本原理、模型的构建过程进行对比分析，在此基础上用此三种方法预测了黑线仓鼠和长爪沙鼠的种群数量，并对三种方法的特点、预测的准确度和适用范围进行了比较分析，结果表明：(1)马尔可夫链预测模型属于中长期预测，预测的结果为区间预测，但对于害鼠种群数量的预测来说已经达到要求，通过对2004年黑线仓鼠和长爪沙鼠种群数量的预测，预测的结果都比较准确，这说明对于预测黑线仓鼠和长爪沙鼠种群的数量动态，马尔可夫链模型是比较好的模型。

In this paper, the conditional mean and its applications to Bayesian estimation of the parameters and reliability measures of common failure distribution which include two-parameter exponential distribution, left truncated two-parameter exponential distribution, normal distribution and lognormal distribution are discussed.

本文讨论了条件均值对某些常见失效分布的参数与可靠性测度的Bayes估计的应用，这些分布包括，双参数指数分布，左截尾双参数指数分布，正态分布与对数正态分布。

The relationshipbetween the vernalization effectiveness and temperature was described with sine-exponential,linear and cosine-exponential functions.

以正弦指数函数、线性函数和余弦指数函数这三段函数来描述春化效应与温度的关系。

This dissertation investigates the construction of pseudo-random sequences (pseudo-random numbers) from elliptic curves and mainly analyzes their cryptographic properties by using exponential sums over rational points along elliptic curves. The main results are as follows:(1) The uniform distribution of the elliptic curve linear congruential generator is discussed and the lower bound of its nonlinear complexity is given.(2) Two large families of binary sequences are constructed from elliptic curves. The well distribution measure and the correlation measure of order k of the resulting sequences are studied. The results indicate that they are "good" binary sequences which give a positive answer to a conjecture proposed by Goubin et al.(3) A kind of binary sequences from an elliptic curve and its twisted curves over a prime field F_p. The length of the sequences is 4p. The "1" and "0" occur almost the same times. The linear complexity is at least one-fourth the period.(4) The exponential sums over rational points along elliptic curves over ring Z_ are estimated and are used to estimate the well distribution measure and the correlation measure of order k of a family of binary sequences from elliptic curves over ring Z_.(5) The correlation of the elliptic curve power number generator is given. It is proved that the sequences produced by the elliptic curve quadratic generator are asymptotically uniformly distributed.(6) The uniform distribution of the elliptic curve subset sum generator is considered.(7) We apply the linear feedback shift register over elliptic curves to produce sequences with long periods. The distribution and the linear complexity of the resulting sequences are also considered.

本文研究利用椭圆曲线构造的伪随机序列，主要利用有限域上椭圆曲线有理点群的指数和估计讨论椭圆曲线序列的密码性质——分布、相关性、线性复杂度等，得到如下主要结果：(1)系统讨论椭圆曲线-线性同余序列的一致分布性质，即该类序列是渐近一致分布的，并给出了它的非线性复杂度下界；(2)讨论两类由椭圆曲线构造的二元序列的&良性&分布与高阶相关性(correlation of order κ)，这两类序列具有&优&的密码性质，也正面回答了Goubin等提出的公开问题；(3)利用椭圆曲线及其挠曲线构造一类二元序列，其周期为4p(其中椭圆曲线定义在有限域F_p上)，0-1分布基本平衡，线性复杂度至少为周期的四分之一；(4)讨论了剩余类环Z_上的椭圆曲线的有理点的分布估计，并用于分析一类由剩余类环Z_上椭圆曲线构造的二元序列的伪随机性；(5)讨论椭圆曲线-幂生成器序列的相关性及椭圆曲线-二次生成器序列的一致分布；(6)讨论椭圆曲线-子集和序列的一致分布；(7)讨论椭圆曲线上的线性反馈移位寄存器序列的分布，线性复杂度等性质。

The application of exponential claims is the most extensive because exponential distribution have the property of "memoryless".

由于指数分布具有&无记忆性&的性质，故指数型理赔的应用最为广泛。

Elevated CO〓 to 700μL L〓 enhanced the growth of Nitzschia palea by 4-20％at the beginning of exponential phase, and that of Chaetoceros muelleri by 11-31％in the late exponential phase.

谷皮菱形藻和牟氏角毛藻，在CO〓浓度倍增（700μL L〓 CO〓）条件下，前者的生长从对数期开始受到促进，而后者的促进出现在对数末期；CO〓浓度倍增使稳定期的最大生物量，谷皮菱形藻增加4-20％，牟氏角毛藻增加11-31％。

First, we consider nonholonomic chained systems with modeling error, in this section,based on back-stepping , using the so-called adding a integrator , state-scaling technique , we design discontinuous feedback law,such that the trival solution of the closed-loop systems global strong stable; Second,we consider high-order nonholonomic chained systems with modeling errors and external disturbances, in this section,using input/state-scaling and integrator backstepping methods , we design discontinuous feedback law and give out the switching strategy, such that the closed-loop systems global /C-exponential stable; Finally, we consider a class of more general power chained form systems with particular drift-terms, in this section , using Lyapunov method, we design time-varying feedback law , such that the closed -loop systems p—exponential stable.

第一部分考虑的模型为带有模型误差的高阶非完整链系统，我们运用加幂积分器、State-scaling技巧以及基于Back-stepping方法构造出不连续反馈律，从而使得所讨论系统的闭环系统的平凡解全局强稳定；第二部分考虑的模型为带有模型误差的不确定高阶非完整链系统，这一部分我们运用input／state scaling和integrator backstepping方法构造出不连续反馈律，并给出切换策略，使得所对应的闭环系统全局κ-指数稳定；第三部分考虑的系统是形式更为一般的且带有特殊形式漂移项的幂链系统，利用Lyapunov函数方法，设计出时变反馈律，从而使得相应的闭环系统ρ-指数稳定。

A necessary and sufficient exponential stability theorem with respect to a constant decay degree for general nonlinear dynamical systems is presented.

首先给出了一般非线性动态系统的关于常衰减度的指数稳定性充分必要定理，接着探讨了新型指数稳定性定理在线性系统稳定性分析中的应用。

The transient is seen to be a decaying exponential, and the commonly used measure of the speed of decay is the time constant

由图可见，瞬态响应为指数衰减的，通常用时间常数来衡量其衰减速度。

The core of this model is a function called a stretched exponential relaxation, which is similar to the decay curve of a radioactive material.

这个模型的核心是延伸型指数函数的松弛效应，就像放射性物质的衰变曲线一样。

It was just a normal day of school

那只是上学的普通一天

Which is a very good reference in this issue.

这是一个在这个问题上很好的参考。