查询词典 elementary education

This chapter berifly analyses the necesasity of Rural Elementary and Middle Schools Budget Compilation and put forward the paper motivation and research objiectives. Chapter two is Theory of Rural Elementary and Middle Schools Budget Compilation. Chapter three is Design of Rural Elementary and Middle Schools Budget Compilation.This chapter introduces the principles、process、main contents and ways in the Rural Elementary and Middle Schools Budget Compilation,and sets up the systermic framework in the research of Rural Elementary and Middle Schools Budget Compilation. Chapter four is reform in Rural Elementary and Middle Schools Budget Compilation.

本篇论文以理论为指导，以解决迫在眉捷的实际问题为目的，用四个部分论述了免费教育背景下的农村中小学预算编制：第一部分是论述其必要性、紧迫性和研究的意义及创新之处；第二部分是预算编制的理论基础；第三部分是预算编制的具体设计，分别从预算编制的原则、编制流程、主要内容和编制方法等方面进行系统设计，以期为推动改革提供可供借鉴的基本框架。

At last , some investgation is made to change about elementary constant of the universe in today ,which demonstrates that elementary constant of the universe in today would change at a ratio of 2.3387723548904887*1050 per year which means that elementary constant of the universe in today would remain as an constant unchanged within one million years if its accuracy fix on the 4th digit after radix point of 7.7577806787995708*1060 As a reminder , both elementary constant of the unvierse elementary constant of the unvierse in today have nothing to do with the cosmic constant introduced by Mr.

基本宇宙常数是一个变化的物理常数，其数值变化的速率为：2.3387723548904887*1050 ，与今天基本宇宙常数7.7577806787995708*1060 相比较，如果在保持今天宇宙常数的数量级不变的情况下将精确度选定在小数点后第4位，那么今天基本宇宙常数将在100万年之内保持不变。

Finally, the condition examining and schema decomposition algorithm are given.Fourthly, The definitions of elementary merge dependency set and minimum elementary merge dependency set are put forward. The weak leftside conflict and weak rightside conflict in the minimum elementary merge dependency set are defined. The conclusion that when the minimum elementary merge dependency set has weak left side conflicts or weak right side conflict is reached, The decomposition meeting PEK isα-cyclic is given. The algorithms of calculating the minimum elementary merge dependency set and examining the conflicts are given.

给出了条件的判定算法和数据库模式的分解算法。4、提出初等归并依赖集和初等最小归并依赖集的概念，定义初等最小规并依赖集的弱左部冲突和弱右部冲突，讨论了初等最小归并依赖集下的冲突问题，给出了在FD集F其初等最小归并依赖集D中存在弱左，右部冲突时模式分解为满足PEK为有α环的结论，并给出了初等最小归并依赖集的求解方法，冲突的判定算法。

The research indicate that the aquatic ecosystem of Wuhan city lakes now is: elementary production and consumption keep high amount, and accumulate in the water bodies, then the benthon ,so much as fish's community to decline seriously, cause the main nutrients cycle and energy circulation in the system is obstructed, that means the "elementary production-elementary consumption-advanced consumption" replaced by the "elementary production-elementary consumption-analyze by itself – reproduction", this circulation of the the nutrients is unfavorable to the system.

生态系统结构研究表明武汉市湖泊水生生态系统目前所处状态：初级生产和初级消费维持较高生产量和现存量，在水体中积累，而较高层次的底栖生物乃致鱼类群落严重衰退，导致系统中主要物质和能量循环：初级生产—初级消费—高级消费受阻，代之而起的是初级生产、初级消费—自行分解—再生产的循环，不利于系统中物质转移。

When, our country elementary and middle schools moral education present situation be unoptimistic: Moral education goal idealization; In the moral education method instills into, light guidance; Moral education practice patternize, formalization: Moral education Adult form, Doctrine formand so on, these questions all are puzzling our country's elementary and middle schools moral education.

然而，我国中小学德育的现状时不容乐观的：德育目标理想化；德育方法中灌输，轻引导；德育实践模式化，形式化：德育成人化，教条化等，这些问题都困扰着我国的中小学德育。

The result shows that: with the expansion of teacher education space, the reform and development of Chinese teacher education is much closer or equal to that of the international teacher education. The transitional stage and education reform in China puts forward a new demand for P. E. talents. The innovation as to education object, specification and curriculum arrangement raised in P. E. Curriculum Arrangement for Chinese Universities with four-year Program published in 2003 meets such a demand, and narrows the gap of education development in high P. E. academy between China and foreign countries. P. E. teachers abroad are usually cultivated by comprehensive universities, the cultivating objectives are verified, and generalists adapted to social development are emphasized. Cultivating mode abroad are various, with "open-type" or "non-directional type" as the main mode, and 4-year program, 5-year program, and 3-year program serve as the main form of education system. Curriculum arrangement abroad stresses general education, with foundationalization, normalization, objectification, optionalization, miniaturization, internationalization and syntheticalization as its characteristics and it employs credit system. The close-typed cultivating mode of P. E. academies in China should be gradually transformed into open-type or multi-type, cultivating generalists instead of specialists, and further constructing a new one with several cultivating types co-existing. Orientation of P.E. teachers in China should follow standard principle, coordination principle, experience principle and resource principle. To improve P.E teacher education in China, the following measures can be taken: relevant laws and regulations should be made for orientation; P.E teachers" training organization should be encouraged to participate in orientation; extension and connotation of P.E. teacher education should be expanded; resources should be optimize; systematic P.E. teachers" orientations should be organized;"Life P.E. Teacher Qualification "should be changed; useful-life should be set for P. E. teacher qualification; P.E. teacher qualification should be regularly authenticated; On-job training of P. E. teachers abroad tends to be systematic, but in China P.E. teachers" on-job training and prevocational training are separated; therefore measures must be taken to change this circumstance and thus speed up the systematic process. Factors concerning constructing a new system of P. E teachers are the following: reconstructing resources, making P.E. teachers" cultivation, orientation and training systematic, establishing a mechanism for encouragement and punishment, making school-based training and college training systematic, and setting up a mechanism combining directional training with non-directional training.

研究结果表明：随着教师教育革新空间的拓展，我国体育教师教育的改革与发展水平逐步与国际体育教师教育发展趋于接轨化。2003年颁布的《全国普通高校体育教育本科专业课程方案》在培养目标和规格、课程设置上的创新性，适应了我国社会转型和教育改革对体育教育专业人才的需求，进一步缩小了与国外高等体育院系教育发展的差距；国外体育教师一般由综合性大学或文理多科性大学培养，培养目标多向化，以培养适应社会发展的通才型人才为主；培养模式灵活多样，多数以"开放型"或"非定向型"培养模式为主，学制多以4年制、5年制、3年为主；课程设置上注重通识教育，突出基础化、师范化、针对化、选修化、小型化、国际化和综合化特点，实行完全学分制的教育管理制度；我国普通高校体育教育本科专业人才培养模式应该由封闭性转向开放式混合型的人才培养模式转变，由专才型转向复合型人才培养模式转变，构建多种类型并存的人才培养模式；我国体育教师入职教育革新应遵循的原则是本位原则、协同原则、经验原则和时间与资源原则，改进措施有：做好入职教育的法规化、制度化建设，激励体育师资培育机构参与体育教师的入职教育，拓展体育教师教育的外延和内涵，优化整合资源，系统组织体育教师的入职教育，改变体育教师资格"终身制"，设定体育教师资格有效期限，推行教师资格定期认证制度等；国际上体育教师在职培训体系显现了体育教师教育一体化的发展取向，但我国体育教师的在职培训与职前培养存在分离性，必须采取改革措施，加速我国体育教师教育的一体化进程；构建体育教师教育新体系的实施要素是：重组资源配置，实现体育教师培养、入职和培训一体化，建立奖惩机制，实现校本与院校培训一体化，建立体育教师定向与非定向培养培训有机结合机制。

Based on the findings and some advanced experience from developed countries, this paper gives out some policy advice. For instance, the central government should set the elementary education fiscal investment as a fixed proportion to local GDP; the provinces with population outflow should get some inter-governmental grants to encourage the development of local elementary education. In the trend of fiscal decentralization, this paper is trying to figure out a trade off between the efficiency and the fairness of elementary education.

在此基础上，本文通过借鉴发达国家对于基础教育财政投入的经验，提出了设定基础教育财政占地方GDP的比例，根据人口流动特征对人口流出省进行基础教育经费补贴等政策性建议，以期能够探索性地提出一些政策思路，力图在教育财政分权的过程中，在基础教育的办学效率和公平之间找到一种更为有效的平衡。

Finally, measures and suggestions for solution were proposed aiming at these problems of secondary and primary school teachers in Wuchuan county . 1. Reform of the personnel distribution system and whole staff engagement system should be performed as soon as possible 2. System of selection of high and elementary schoolmasters should be reformed, perfecting schoolmaster responsibility system, reducing organization refinedly, compressing non-teaching personnel proportion, improving administration level of school. 3. Taking powerful measures to stabilize high and elementary school teacher"s team. 4. Executing "the Excellent Teacher Project of Century" to train all teachers, building teachers training mode according to current county"s practices and school"s characteristics to improve teachers" quality. 5. Increasing the adjustment for deployment and optimizing teachers resource configuration to improve the quality of elementary education. 6. Introducing talents actively and strengthening high school teacher team"s construction to satisfy the needs of the development of high school education.7. Strengthening teachers" moral education to improve teachers professional moral level.

最后，针对武川县中小学教师队伍中存在的这些问题，提出了解决的对策与建议：加快人事分配制度改革，全面推行教职工全员聘用制；改革中小学校长选拔任用制度，进一步完善&校长负责制&，精简机构，压缩非教学人员比例，提高学校的管理水平；切实采取各种有力措施，稳定中小学教师队伍；实施&跨世纪园丁&工程，进行全员教师培训，建立符合本县实际和学校特色的教师培训模式，提高教师队伍的整体素质；加大布局调整力度，优化教师资源配置，提高基础教育的质量；积极引进人才，加强高中教师队伍建设，以满足高中教育发展的需求；加强师德教育，提高教师的职业道德水平。

In the light of the research of the development of Thailand higher education, we can conclude the experiences to the use of reference for our higher educations development. At first, the relationship of higher education's westernizing and higher education's being indigenous is handled very well. Secondly, the dominant function of market is increasing. Thirdly, the imbalance of the higher education, including the imbalance of quantity and quality; the imbalance of the regions and the disjoint of higher education and development of society and economic. Finally , the disjoint of the development of the higher education and the elementary education.

根据对泰国高等教育发展现状的研究，我们可以总结出泰国高等教育发展的经验和存在的问题有：一、西化与本土化的关系处理得很好；二、市场主导作用的增加；三、发展不平衡，具体表现为：数量与质量发展不平衡、地区发展不平衡及与经济发展相脱节；四、高等教育与初等教育发展相脱节。

This article illustrates detailed investigation and the statistics about art vocational education and development in vocational schools such as ShaanXi Art School,Movie and TV School, Economy and Trade school. The article also analysis and studies in different angles about fine arts vocational education reform: present situation of fine arts vocational education;The possibility and must for fine arts vocationalism education;The problems, reflection and countermeasure in the professionalism or vocationalism education reform; By analyzing present situation of fine arts education with statistics and comparison, the author elaborated the urgency for the reform, meanwhile ponder and summarize some reform attempts; By analyzing the possibility and necessity of vocationalism of fine arts education, along with the development of social economy and vigorously support from national policy, the article gives the full affirmation to vocational education prospects in our country, and indicates vocationalism will be inevitable trend for regular fine arts school education reform.

本文对国内艺术学校、电影电视学校、经贸学校等一些中专学校的美术专业的教育及发展状况做了详细的调查与统计，并分别从以下几个角度对中专美术的教育改革作了分析与研究：中专美术的教育现状；美术职业化教育的可能性和必要性；职业化改革中面临的问题以及思考和对策；在中专美术教育现状的研究中，运用了数据分析和对比，阐述了改革的迫切性，同时针对当前中专美术在教育改革中所做的一些尝试，进行了思考和总结；在对美术职业化教育的可能性和必要性的分析中，本文结合社会经济的发展和国家政策的大力支持，对我国职业教育的发展前景给予充分肯定，指明中专美术教育向职业化方向发展将是中专教改的必然趋势。

So it was last week in Selma , alabama.

上星期在亚拉巴马州塞尔马市发生的事件也是这样一个转折点。

The group also spearheads various social programs in China.

该组织还带头参与中国的各种社会活动。