查询词典 difference boundary value problem

There is no ferromagnetic material in the outside of ironless PM motors airgap. Because of this characteristic, airgap magnetic field of ironless PM motor belongs to 3-dimentions (3-D) open boundary magnetic field. Engineering problem of open boundary magnetic field is a hot research issue in the computation electromagnetics field recently.

无铁心永磁电机气隙外没有铁磁材料，其自身的结构特点决定了无铁心永磁电机的气隙磁场属于三维开域磁场，开域磁场工程问题的计算是近年来计算电磁学的研究热点之一。

The main contributions of this thesis are as follows:(1)To address the problem of kernel parameterσselection and regulation of the decision boundary in SVDD algorithm,this thesis proposes a new kernel parameter optimization method based on the spheral distribution of samples in kernel space and regulation of the decision boundary method based on KPCA(Kernel Principal Component Analysis).

本论文主要以支持向量数据描述(Support Vector Data Description，SVDD)与随机森林(Random Forests，RF)模式识别工具为基础，对流程工业在线故障诊断的若干问题进行研究，其具体内容如下：(1)针对SVDD的核参数σ优化及其决策边界规整问题，提出了基于核样本球形分布的核参数优化方法与基于核主元分析(Kernel Principal ComponentAnalysis，KPCA)的SVDD决策边界规整方法。

Phase-lagged cyclic boundary condition is implemented by a novel method in conjunction with the developed sliding interface technique to accurately simulate the arbitrary pitch ratio rotor/stator interaction without any modifications of the physics of the problem. It's for the first time to compose the computational area into one structured grids including both rotor/stator of centrifugal or axial turbomachinery with arbitrary pitch ratio. This method can eliminate the iteration of boundary conditions on the sliding interface and calculate the unsteady flow within rotor and stator simultaneously.

为了能够在较小的计算区域内不改变叶型而真实地反映出任意栅距比时的内部非定常流场，并避免近似仍采用相位后滞周期性条件，结合本文发展的网格技术，给出了一种新的实施方法，首次将动、静叶片数不等的离心式/轴流式叶轮机械转子、静子计算区域组合在一套结构化计算网格中，动/静叶排间的滑移界面完全按内场处理，避免了每一时层内，滑移界面处边界条件的迭代计算；并保证了每一时层，滑移界面处流动参数的守恒特性。

The boundary value problem for first-order differential equations with a parameter refers to the finite solution condition of equation which includes unknown quantity and its first-order derivative that not only relies on interval value but also relies on the parameter of the equation,which is always settled by fixed point theory or successive approximation method.

含一个参数的一阶微分方程边值问题是指：含有未知量及它的一阶导数的方程的定解条件不仅依赖于在区间端点的取值，而且依赖于方程中的参数。通常它用不动点定理或逐步逼近法来解决。

Aimed at the problem of choosing the initial value when the Newton method is used to compute the controlling unstable equilibrium point, a practical and rigorous solving scheme was presented: by identifying the controlling load bus of the given fault, and using the Thevenin equivalent circuit to represent the rest of the system at the state of the post disturbance stable equilibrium point, using the steady equivalent circuit to represent the induction motor in composite load, and then using the torque characteristics of induction motor, a point near the CUEP is gained to be the initial value. The second order normal forms was used to approximate the stable manifold of CUEP, and the local approximating boundary of the region of attraction of the post disturbance stable equilibrium point was gained. Then just by simulating the state of the system at the fault clearing time, the transient voltage stability of the system could be determined.

针对采用牛顿法求取故障后系统主导不稳定平衡点(controlling unstable equilibrium point，CUEP)存在的初值选取难题，提出一种实用但不失严谨的解决方案：通过识别给定故障的主导负荷母线，对主导负荷母线以外系统由故障后稳定平衡点处的状态进行戴维南等值，对负荷中感应电动机部分采用其稳态等值电路，再由感应电动机的转矩特性求得CUEP附近的一个点作为近似的CUEP，以此为迭代初值可靠求得CUEP；采用二阶正规型来近似CUEP的稳定流形的方法求得近似的局部吸引域边界；由仿真得到故障清除时刻系统的状态并根据该状态是否位于吸引域内判断系统的暂态电压稳定性。

According to the Value Chain Theory,this paper gives a kind of means of performance audit on value-chain analysis after studying the existed primary difficulties ubout performance audit such as lack of metewand and comparable data.At the same time,this study has integrated the practice of some perform- ance audit program.By this way,the auditor investigates and analyses the value chain of performance audit program and its key points,and evaluates its validity and value increment,discloses relational problem...

本文针对当前绩效审计缺乏评价标准和可比数据、难以找到准确的切入点等问题，在价值链管理理论的启示下，结合绩效审计实践中的探索和思考，提出了一套基于价值链分析的绩效审计方法，即通过调查分析被审计项目的价值链及其关键价值点，进而对价值链的内外联系以及关键价值点上作业活动的有效性、增值性等进行绩效评估，发现问题，做出评价，提出审计增值建议。

In the academic circle of political economics, it has been a controversy whether services has value. And now another problem has been raised-on the one hand, the value of labor in services is admitted, while on the other hand, the value of labor in business and bank is denied-which breaks the consistency of the value of service labor in the "political economics" system.

在政治经济学理论界，服务产品是否具有价值的争议尚未了，另一矛盾又普遍出现，即一边承认服务劳动的价值创造性，一边却仍否认商业劳动和银行劳动的价值创造性，使服务劳动的价值创造性在政治经济学体系中无法保持连贯性和一致性。

Basing on this, the formal asymptotic expansion of solution for the original problem is obtained. Finally, under suitable conditions, existence and its uniform validity of asymptotic expansion of solution for the initial boundary value problem are proved,by using theory of differential inequalities.

在这基础上得到了原问题解的形式渐近展开式；最后，在适当的条件假设下，利用微分不等式理论，证明了原初边值问题解的存在性及其渐近展开式的一致有效性。

Then the problem is further equivalent to a kind of Riemann boundary value problem on the real axis by extension of symmetry with respect to the real axis.

利用已有结果得到了该问题的可解性定理。

Firstly, we discuss the boundary value problem of one dimensional biharmonic equation in an interval and its variational problem,multiresolution analysis in the Sobolev space , then solve it with wavelet-Galerkin methods.

首先本文讨论了一维双调和方程边值问题及其相应的变分问题，定义Sobolev空间的多分辨分析，用小波–伽辽金方法进行数值求解，两组基下得到的系数矩阵为七对角阵和块状对角阵。

Don not attempt to do something which you can not to do.

不要企图做那些办不到的事情。

The expression of CTGF and TNF-αweredetected by immunochemistry and the number of Clara Cells was calculated.

光镜下观察肺组织的病理变化，采用免疫组化染色观察肺组织中结缔组织生长因子和肿瘤坏死因子-α的表达和Clara细胞的数量。