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In chapter 5,a knowledge-based correction term for the objective function of parameter estimation is proposed.The relationship between the function extreme points of state estimatin and parameter estimation is deduced.A strategy of projecting the parameter objective function from the augmented solution space to the parameter space is proposed and proved.

第五章分析了电力系统状态估计和参数估计的理论依据并指出传统解法的不足，提出基于经验知识的参数估计目标函数修正项，推导了状态估计和参数估计目标函数极值点的关系，由此提出并证明了新的基于垂直投影的估计策略。

Differential equations of the corresponding deformations, turning angles and bending moments are deduced and the solutions of these models are given.

分析表明，管棚的最大挠度和最大剪力出现在掌子面附近已开挖未支护的部分，掌子面前方1.5~2.0倍开挖高度范围内的围岩有变形和松动。

To satisfy the requirements of fast producing,low cost manufacture and large thickness preforming in the field of non-resin winding cylinder composite,the equation of retracing cosine curve was deduced based on the section principle.

最后基于对余弦折回曲线的分析，利用数值模拟证实余弦折回曲线在干纱缠绕圆柱壳体预成型中有利于高速加工；在缠绕厚度相对不大且需要高速缠绕加工情况下，可采用余弦曲线作为端部区段的折回曲线。

We proposed and proved three theorems through which the theoretical formula of cosine transform spectrum of gravity anomalies of the point mass and the vertical rectangular-cylinder was deduced in order to obtain the general equation of gravity anomalies.

为获得重力异常余弦变换谱的通式，提出并证明了3个定理；利用它们推导了点质量和直立矩形柱体的重力异常余弦变换谱理论公式，同时给出了重力异常余弦变换谱通式。

We proposed and proved three theorems through which the theoretical formula of cosine transform spectrum of gravity anomalies of the point mass and the vertical rectangularcylinder was deduced in order to obtain the general equation of gravity anomalies.

为获得重力异常余弦变换谱的通式，提出并证明了3个定理；利用它们推导了点质量和直立矩形柱体的重力异常余弦变换谱理论公式，同时给出了重力异常余弦变换谱通式。

In chapter 3, combining the traditional augmented Lagrange function and the hyperbolic cosine function, we construct a new hyperbolic penalty function multiplier method for the equality constrained optimization and deduced the iterative formulas, and proved the convergence under some conditions.

在第三章中，我们把传统的增广Lagrange函数和双曲余弦函数结合，构造了一类新的在等式约束下的双曲罚函数乘子法，推导出了双曲乘子迭代公式。

A new cotangent theorem is deduced to solve the nonlinearity for bearing-only measurement.

通过新提出的余切关系定理，解决了单站纯方位观测的非线性问题。

Mean temperature difference for countercurrent flow and cocurrent flow in steady continuous heat transfer has been deduced uniformly.

采用统一的方法对定态传热逆流和并流的平均温差进行了推导。

Based on the general formula, its optimization mechanism is analyzed and the general mathematic description of particle's maximum covering space is deduced according to the current social information and personal experience.

在此基础上分析了标准PSO的优化机理，基于群体社会信息和自身历史经验的情况下，推导了粒子最大搜索空间的数学描述。

In the paper, the kinetic characteristic of three models of PSO are analyzed. The largest covering space of the Gbest model and the Pbest model are deduced without new information.

分析了PSO算法中的三种粒子模型(Gbest，Pbest，Commom模型)的运动特性，给出了Gbest模型和Pbest 模型在没有新息获取时，单信息条件下的最大搜索空间。

Pradeep Indulkar, a senior official at the Maharashtra state Home Ministry say 101 human were killed and 287 injured.

马哈拉施特拉邦内政部高级官员Pradeep Indulkar称，有101人在冲突中丧生，287人受伤。

Mark Frei, a senior vice president of West, says 80% of West's homeagents have some college education, compared with 30% of those whowork in office-based call centers.

Frei说，该公司80%在家办公的人员都拥有本科学位，而在公司电话中心工作的人中只有30%拥有本科学位。