查询词典 decision space

Decision rule chain and distance function of decision rule are proposed, by which the order of decision rules are explained. The group scale's effect on decision quality and the marginal contribution of decision-makers are analyzed. It's pointed out that the increase of the scale will enhance the decision quality with the optimal decision rule applied. Otherwise it is likely to weaken the decision quality. It's proved that for homogeneous group with simple majority rule applied the marginal contribution of decision-maker will decrease while the scale increases or the decisional competencies of other decision-makers increase; 3.We study the group decision-making with a leader in it. It's proved that the existence of the leader impairs the decision quality when the group applies the optimal decision rule.

研究了决策者的决策能力不确定情况下的群体决策，给出了最优决策规则，指出其仍然是广义加权多数规则；提出了决策规则链和决策规则距离函数的概念，利用这些概念解释了群体决策规则的序现象；分析了群体规模对决策质量的影响、决策者决策能力的边际贡献，指出当群体应用最优规则时，群体规模的增大会提高决策质量，否则群体规模的增大可能会削弱决策质量；证明了对于应用简单多数规则的同质群体，随着其规模的增大，决策者决策能力对决策质量的边际贡献会减小；随着其他决策者决策能力的提高，决策者决策能力对决策质量的边际贡献也会减小； 3。

Title: Study on Decision Rule Optimization and Organization of Group Decision-making Abstract Group decision-making, as one of the basic forms of decision-making, plays an important role in economic and political fields due to the ever-increasing complexity of decision issue and the enhanced democracy awareness. Research of group decision-making is receiving more and more attention as the cutting edge of decision-making theory. Fruitful results are achieved in this field, while there are still some weak aspects for further research, especially in the organization and decision process ot group decision-making. Researches in those fields are instrumental in optimizing the organization and decision process of group decision-making. And we have made some exploration in this paper as follows.

随着决策问题的日趋复杂化和人们民主意识的增强，群体决策作为决策的一种基本形式，在政治和经济生活中占有越来越重要的地位，而群体决策作为决策理论研究的热点和前沿也在国内外方兴未艾，并取得了丰硕的成果，但也存在一些薄弱环节和需要深入研究的问题，特别是在群体决策的组织结构和决策过程方面，如群体决策的规则优化、决策规则的约束性质、群体决策中领导的影响、决策者之间的相关性对决策质量的影响、序贯群体决策中各种组织因素对其决策质量、决策效率、决策收益的影响等等。

In this paper, granularity in rough set theory is used to describe rules based on the concept of rough degree. A tool for knowledge dependent relation diagram is put forward. Then dimensional knowledge granularity decision space and the same construction mapping decision space based on multi-decision sorts is established, and decision algorithm based on KDRD and decision space is introduced. Finally, through combining with the technique of fault diagnosis, it is proved that the approach is very appropriate to the intelligent decision system.

本文利用粗糙集理论中的粗度概念，在对获取规则进行扩展性的粒度描述的基础上，提出了一种工具―知识依赖关系图，构造了n维知识粒度决策空间以及基于多决策类的同构映射决策空间，建立了基于KDRD和决策空间的决策算法，并结合机械故障诊断说明了本方法非常适于故障诊断等通过结论获取原因的智能决策系统。

Research on the related attribute of evidence, influence and method of dealing with is carried out. Result of experiment demonstrates that the method can lead to the reliable decision effectively. Aiming at conflicting problem of decision making, fusion strategy of BPA reassign is adopted in coordinator of GDSS. Aiming at contradictory of decision-making, the process of decision-making is divided into two stages that are learning and decision-making. Each Agent is trained by proper information given by training example to eliminate contradictories among decision-making Agents and correct mistakes that ensure Agents cooperate effectively in the stage of cooperating decision.(3) In order to overcome the flaw of current GDSS that can only support static problem solving, adopting the method that combing Multi-Decision-Making-Agents Reinforcement Learning and the metempirical knowledge learning, the paper puts forward Reinforcement Learning and optimization under dynamic environment.

提出采用证据理论的证据合成作为协调器中决策Agent的融合策略，对群体决策支持系统的协调器进行决策融合过程中可能出现的情况进行了详细的分析，研究了证据的相关性及其在决策融合过程中的影响，提出了相关证据的处理方法，实验结果表明，该方法可有效保证决策结果的可靠性；针对决策过程中的冲突问题，提出协调器采用基本信任指派二次分配的协调策略；针对决策过程中的矛盾，提出将决策过程分为学习和决策两个阶段，各决策者Agent根据有限的训练样本所给出的正确信息进行训练，消除决策者Agent之间的矛盾和修正决策者Agent自身的错误，从而保证合作决策阶段实现有效的合作决策。

For example, U-space is uniformly regular and which makes it has fixed point property, U-space is uniformly non-square and thus super-reflexive, uniformly convex space and uniformly smooth space are U-spaces, and an Banach space is an U-space iff its dual space is U-space, etc. In1990s, a lot of work had been done on U-space theory, e.g., Tingfu Wang and Donghai Ji introduced the concepts of pre U-property and nearly U-property. Under the structure of Orlicz space, they made systematic investigation of these properties, and gave the criteria for an Orlicz space to have U-property.

U-空间具有一致正规结构进而具有不动点性质；U-空间是一致非方的，进而也是超自反的；一致凸空间和一致光滑空间是U-空间；Banach 空间为U-空间的充要条件是其对偶空间为U-空间，等等。20世纪90年代，国内外学者对U-空间理论做了很多工作，王廷辅，计东海等人先后引入了准U-性质与似U-性质的概念，并在Orlicz空间框架下对有关性质进行了系统研究，完整给出了Orlicz空间具有各种U-性质的判据。

By describing Pythagorean theorem, the first time-space view explain the plane-line thought which impacts human's thinking manner; the second time-space view is absolute time-space theory of Newton and three-dimensions space-time view intersected by space-time; the third space-time view is curve space-time view which is generated from Einsteinian relative theory. The fourth space-time view is the directional, irreversible entropy time-space thought; the fifth time-space view is dense time-space view of cracked fractal generated from chaos-fractal theory.

第一时空观是通过对勾股定理的描述来说明影响人们思维方式的平直时空观；第二时空观是牛顿的绝对时空理论，是时空分割的立体三维时空观；第三时空观是爱因斯坦的相对论理论所带来的弯曲时空观；第四时空观是具有方向不可逆的熵时空观；第五时空观是混沌与分形理论所带来的破碎分形的稠时空观。

The innovation of the article lies in:(1)gives the evolution process of decision model a systematic pectination, illuminates the internal logic and regularity of all kinds of decision models, and points out the limitation of each kind of decision model in the information age.(2)on basis of analyzing the evolution of the relation between several main decision models, elucidates an enterprise decision model ITDMM creatively which adapts the information age on all the aspects of decision models such as the main body of decision, procedure, method, internal environment and so on.

本文的创新之处在于：（1）系统梳理了决策模式的演进过程，阐释了决策模式的内在逻辑性和规律性，并指出各种决策模式在信息化时代所具有的局限性；（2）在分析几种主要决策模式之间关系演变的基础上，创新性地阐发了信息化时代ITDMM企业决策模式——从决策的主体、决策的程序、决策的方法和决策的内部环境等各个方面适应信息化时代的企业决策模式。

In this paper,the nonstandard analysis theory is used for inducing a metric space by a Loeb measure space.On this basis,a metric space is induced by a internal finitely additive measure space.The close relationship between the metric space induced by a Loeb measure space and the metric space induced by a internal finitely additive measure space is illustrated with the concepts and some properties of Loeb measure.Then,some properties of the metric space that induced by a internal finitely additive measure space are studied.In the first two chapters,we first Succinctly present the origin,development and research states of the nonstandard analysis.Then,the theoretical foundation of nonstandard analysis as well as the axiomatic nonstandard analysis are given.Finally, the nonstandard model and the saturation model are discussed,as well as some natures of the nonstandard model and several equivalent conditions of saturation model are given.

本文利用非标准分析理论，在由Loeb测度空间导出度量空间的基础上，由内有限可加测度空间导出了度量空间，并借助Loeb测度的概念和若干性质证明了由标准的测度空间导出的度量空问和由内有限可加测度这个非标准的测度空间导出的度量空间有着密切的关系，在此关系的基础上还研究了由有限可加测度这个非标准的测度空间导出的度量空间的性质在第一、第二章里，我们首先简单介绍了非标准分析的产生、发展及研究现状，接着给出了非标准分析的理论基础以及公理化的非标准分析，进而讨论了非标准模型和饱和模型，并给出了非标准模型的一些性质和饱和模型的若干等价条件。

Regarding (6) type, when tradition Time variable t is two spatial vectors (+ psi 1i) and (- psi 2j) Crossed products v also is not 0, it (x1, x2, x3) differs 90 compared to on speed with the three-dimensional space in the space by the pure imaginary number attribute, I=e^I pi, therefore it Number space has in the physical property with the dot product constitution the difference, because Crossed products psi 1i (X psi 2j extremely small visible it is equal to zero under the conventional speed, but is very big in the object movement speed time, Crossed products psi 1i (X psi 2j in the physical quantity and for the quantum mechanics in may not to the easy quantity, its space and the conventional space is different, the performance is intrinsic or the interior space If the definition vector (+ psi 1i) and (- psi 2j) the dot product constitutes the three-dimensional space (x1, x2, x3) is exterior space, but the three-dimensional space which (+ psi 1i) and (- psi 2j) Crossed products constitutes by the vector is the internal space, contrasts its component

对于⑥式，传统时间量t为两个空间矢量(+ψ1i)与(-ψ2j)的叉积比上速度v且不为0，其与三维空间(x1，x2，x3)在空间上相差90度以纯虚数表征，I=e^Iπ，故其与点积构成的实空间有物理性质上的不同，因为在常规速率下叉积ψ1i(Xψ2j非常小可视其等于零，而在物体运动速率很大时，叉积ψ1i(Xψ2j之中物理量与则为量子力学中的不可对易量，其空间与常规空间不同，表现为一个内在或内部性空间。若定义矢量(+ψ1i)与(-ψ2j)点积所构成的三维空间(x1，x2，x3)为外部空间，而由矢量(+ψ1i)与(-ψ2j)叉积而构成的三维空间为内部空间，对比其分量

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The changes of the HAF after liver injury may be related to the volume of blood loss, the intraabdominal pressure and the pneumoperitoneum duration.

肝撞击伤伴失血后肝动脉血流量的变化与失血量、气腹压力以及气腹持续时间等有密切联系。

Reneging on our commitments to the world's poor cannot be an austerity measure, she said.

放弃我们给世界上的穷国的承诺不能成为一种紧缩措施。