查询词典 composite arch

With this method the copper plating graphite powder was made up in 50% copper content .The silver- copper plating graphite composite was prepared while the silver- copper-graphite composite and the silver-graphite composite were also made up together .The mechanical and electric characteristics of the three kinds of composites were tested and it was found that the copper plating graphite powder can only optimize the properties of the silver matrix composite under the high content of the graphite ,the conductivity and the mechanical property was improved and the material could take higher current in the same carbon content .At 20% carbon content, the resistivity of Ag-graphite composite was 1.67 times as high as that of silver- copper plating graphite composite, the resistivity of Ag-Cu-graphite composite was 3.23 times as high as that of silver- copper plating graphite composite. The bending strength of silver-copper plating graphite composite was 2.17 times as high as that of silver- copper-graphite composite, and the bending strength was 2.11 times as high as that of silver- copper-graphite composite. The wearability of silver- copper plating graphite composite was also enhanced greatly at high carbon content.

利用该方法制备了50%铜含量的镀铜石墨粉，然后进一步制备了一系列相同碳含量的银-石墨复合材料、银-铜-石墨复合材料、银-镀铜石墨复合材料，对三种材料的机械、电气性能进行了综合对比，发现在低碳含量时镀铜石墨粉不能改善复合材料的上述主要性能，而在中高碳含量时则能明显优化复合材料的整体性能，提高了复合材料的电导率，使复合材料在中高碳含量时既具有较高的耐磨性同时也能负载较大的电流，复合材料的机械性能也因镀铜石墨粉的加入而大幅提高，20%碳含量时，银-石墨复合材料的电阻率是银-镀铜石墨复合材料的1.67倍，银-铜-石墨复合材料的电阻率为银-镀铜石墨复合材料的3.23倍，银-镀铜石墨复合材料抗弯强度是银-铜-石墨复合材料的2.17倍，是银-石墨复合材料的2.11倍，同时，在实验给定的条件下，中高碳含量时银-镀铜石墨复合材料的机械磨损耐磨性和通电磨损耐磨性都得以显著提高，银-镀铜石墨复合材料在实验时的接触电压降也更为稳定。

The second part was to test the appearance, ingredient analysis, surface potential, thermal conduction properties, and magnetism of the nano composite fluid prepared from the parameters. The experiment found that unoxidized particles, Ag, Cu, Fe, and Ni appeared round. If combined with oxygen in water as oxides, the nano particles would grow toward certain directions. In copper/iron nano composite fluid, FeO appeared cubic, Cu2O appeared coniferous. In silver/iron nano composite fluid, FeO was polygonal. In dielectric potential detection, the nano composite fluid was likely to aggregate and deposit, except for silver/iron set. In other sets, the pH of silver/cobalt nano composite fluid was 7, surface potential was 21.21mV; the pH for silver/nickel nano composite fluid was 6.5, surface potential was 21.04mV; the pH for copper/iron nano composite fluid was 7, surface potential was -30mV. The fluid particles of the three sets could all maintain suspension of 2 weeks or more. For thermal conduction, the silver/nickel, nano composite fluid showed the best thermal conduction. Under temperature of 30℃ fluid weight conduction of 0.4%, the thermal conduction increase was 26%. For magnetic detection, except for silver/iron nano composite fluid, the nano particles of other three sets were paramagnetic, and all four sets were soft magnetic nano composite materials.

第二部分。将由较佳制备参数所产出的奈米复合流体，进行形貌外观、成分分析、表面电位及热传导性质实验与磁性检测；在奈米颗粒的形貌部分，经实验发现Ag、Cu、Fe、Ni等未氧化的颗粒皆呈现近似圆形，而若与水中的氧结合形成氧化物，奈米颗粒则会朝特定方向成长，在铜/铁奈米复合流体中FeO为四方体结构、Cu2O的颗粒是针叶状，在银/铁奈米复合流体中FeO则为多边形结构；而介面电位检测方面，结果显示经本制程所产出的奈米复合流体除银/铁奈米复合流体这一组较容易聚集沉淀外，其他三组中银/钴奈米复合流体的pH值为7，表面电位为21.21mV，银/镍奈米复合流体的pH值6.5表面电位为21.04mV而铜/铁奈米复合流体的pH值为7时表面电位约在-30mV，且此三组流体颗粒皆能维持悬浮性2周以上，悬浮性较佳；热传导实验部分，四组奈米复合流体中以银/镍奈米复合流体在增进热传上效果最佳，在温度30℃及流体重量浓度0.4﹪条件下热传导系数增进达26﹪；磁检测方面，除了银/铁奈米复合流体外，其他三组奈米颗粒皆属顺磁性，且这四组奈米复合材料都是属软磁性。

The thesis studies the difference between GWSs composition and traditional workflow applications, proposes the implement mechanism and technical architecture of GWSs composition and defines the reference model of GWSs composition platform, which provide holistic framework and top-level guidance for studying dynamic GWSs composition technology, designing GWSs composition platform, and implementing representative composite service applications.2、Theories and methods of composite process modeling and process analysis. This thesis proposes a meta-model of Geo-spatial Web services composition process defining from two aspects, i.e. process and resource. According to the process definition meta-model, we propose a new Geo-spatial Web services composition Process/Resource model based on extended WF-net, which effectively resolves the problems on uncertain activity option and dynamic variation of service in composite process model. A notion with regard to soundness of process model is proposed from three aspects, i.e. the structural correctness of process model, validity of data link and validity of resource. The notion of soundness definitely gives a dividing line on correctness of composite GWS process. This thesis analyzes sufficient and essential terms of soundness, and studies compositional property of WSCP/R-net models which provides an effective method to construct a soundness WSCP/R-net model. According to WSCP/R-net, the thesis proposes composition algebra and studies the properties of it. Based on the composition algebra, 6 kinds of composite process reduction rules are induced to optimize the process.3、Geo-spatial Web service QoS model and its application architecture. This thesis proposes an extendable GWS QoS model from three aspects, i.e. Geo-spatial Web Service itself, networking conditions and service consumer which can be used to distinguish GWSs with overlapping or identical functionality. We work over the QoS evaluation methods of composite GWS process which can be used to guide the execution, monitor and service selection of composition process. Aming at some disadvantages in traditional Web service discovery model for its lacking of QoS supporting, this thesis proposes a new service discovery model SDMQ supporting QoS constraints.4、Technologies of composite service executing. SSPL, a new composite service process language, is defined to overcome the disadvantages of existing composite services process languages which can not adapt to the dynamic variation of Geo-spatial Web Services. An algorithm is described to translate WSCP/R-net model into SSPL. The thesis studies the model of dynamic services selection with QoS global optimization, presenting an algorithm GODSS to resolve dynamic services selection with QoS global optimization in GWSs Composition.5、Design and implement experimental system and representative applications. According to the research findings presented above, we design and implement an experimental system and construct two representative applications to show that our achievements are effective and practical.

针对当前空间信息服务聚合研究中存在的若干不足，本文重点在基于工作流的空间信息服务聚合框架、空间信息服务聚合流程建模和分析技术、空间信息服务QoS模型及应用体系以及空间信息服务聚合流程执行等几个方面进行深入研究，主要工作和创新点包括：1、基于工作流的空间信息服务动态聚合框架：研究了空间信息服务动态聚合和传统工作流应用的不同，在此基础上提出了基于工作流技术的空间信息服务动态聚合实现机制、技术体系和参考模型，为研究空间信息服务聚合的关键技术、开发服务聚合支撑平台以及在此基础上构造特定的空间信息服务聚合应用提供了总体框架和顶层指导。2、空间信息服务聚合流程建模和分析技术：首先基于动态服务聚合流程建模的需求和空间信息服务动态变化的应用实际，从服务聚合的过程维和资源维出发定义了服务聚合流程定义元模型；与之相对应，对基本的WF-net进行扩展，提出服务聚合流程/资源网作为空间信息服务聚合流程的形式化描述模型，有效解决了现有的基于基本Petri网和工作流网的服务聚合建模方法所不能解决的不确定路径选择和服务的动态变化性问题；从流程结构正确性、数据依赖有效性和资源实现有效性三个方面提出了WSCP/R-net健壮性的概念，明确界定了聚合流程正确性的标准，并对WSCP/R-net模型的健壮性分析方法和WSCP/R-net模型的组合特性进行了研究；提出了空间信息服务聚合代数算子并对其性质进行了研究，在此基础上提出了6种聚合流程约简规则，从而可达到优化聚合流程、提高聚合流程执行效率的目的。3、空间信息服务QoS模型和应用体系：从服务本身、网络环境和服务消费者三个层次出发，提出了一个可扩展的空间信息服务QoS模型GSQM，实现了对空间信息服务的度量和评价，并对GSQM不同质量要素信息的客观、公正采集方法进行了研究；研究了空间信息服务聚合流程QoS评价方法，有效支持了空间信息服务聚合流程的执行、监控以及服务选择等操作；针对目前的服务发现模型仅支持服务功能性描述、不能有效满足空间信息服务应用需求的现状，提出了一种新的支持QoS约束的服务发现模型SDMQ，并对模型的实现框架进行了研究。4、空间信息服务聚合流程执行技术：针对现有的服务聚合流程描述语言不能有效满足空间信息服务动态聚合流程描述的特点，基于BPEL4WS提出了一种新的空间信息服务聚合流程描述语言SSPL；研究了满足健壮性要求的WSCP/R-net模型向SSPL的转换算法，在此基础上可以满足用户无显式编码来实现空间信息服务聚合应用的目的；研究了服务动态选择QoS全局优化模型，并在此基础上提出了一种解决服务动态选择QoS全局优化问题的实现算法GODSS.5、基于论文研究成果，设计实现了"空间信息服务聚合实验系统"，并构建了"矿产资源评价"和"城市消防应急响应"两个典型应用案例，对论文所述模型、方法的可行性和有效性进行了验证。

The construction process are multiple parameters (such as partial-top, arch axis and elevation changes, etc.) real-time monitoring system controlled by the large-span cable crane rigger arch beam, the system pegging Cable-Stayed deduction deduction for arch beam geometric precision and adjust successfully to a high-precision steel pipe arch-arch-long, concrete-filled steel tube ensures the integrity and stability, effective control of the construction process are arch axis geometric precision.

施工过程中多参数控制实时监测系统，采用大跨度的缆索吊机吊运拱肋梁段，斜拉扣挂体系扣定拱肋梁段并调整几何精度，成功地将钢管拱肋高精度合龙成拱，保证了钢管混凝土的整体性和稳定性，有效控制施工过程中拱轴线几何精度。

Both upper and lower dental study models were collected from 30 boys (12 years old) and 30 girls (12 years old) with acceptable normal occlusion to understand the characteristics of the crown size, dental arch width and length such as (1) mesiodistal diameters of crown size from central incisor to first molar,(2) the width and length of dental arch and basal arch and (3) the morphology of dental arch form. After statistical analysis, data were compared with Japanese, Central and South American Indians and North American Caucasians from papers. The results were:(1) There was no statistical difference in teeth size between males and females, except the upper first molar of males was larger than that of females, lower central incisor of males was smaller than that of females.(2) The dimensions of dental arch of males were larger than that of females in general, especially such items as width and length of basal arch.(3) The crown size of Chinese male was in generally smaller than that of four other races, especially the upper canine, lower central incisor and first molar.

为了解住在台湾的中国人其牙齿的大小，齿列弓幅径及形态，为齿科人类学上的特微，以期能对儿童牙科，齿颚矫正科之临床及齿科基础医学能有所贡献，抽取12岁学童男女各30名共60名，可接受为正常咬合之上下颚齿列模型，测量其上下颚(1)左侧正中门牙到第一大臼齿共计12颗恒牙之牙冠近远心径，(2)齿列弓宽径、长径及齿槽基底宽径、长径，(3)齿列弓之形态，以上资料经统计分析作t-test检定，并与诸学者对日本人、北美白人、中美及南美印第安人人种的研究结果作检讨得知；(1)男女性恒牙的近远心径无明显差异，但男性上颚第大臼齿比女性者大，下颚正中门牙比女性者小；(2)男性的齿列弓幅径比女性者为大，尤以齿槽基底宽径及长径最显著；(3)国人男子的牙齿近远心径比其他四人种者为小，特别是国人的上颚犬齿，下颚正中门牙及第一大臼齿最小。

For the structure stress condition, the dead load is born mainly by continuous rigid-frame, and the live load is born by both the arch rib and the main beam, the force separately bora by the arch rib and the main beam is influenced by the whole rigidity of beam and arch, and by areas of flexible hanger rod, the structure perforce is no longer same with the common beam and arch, and the inner force analysis progress is more complex to the common bridge system, especially, the multi-direction stress analysis to the combination area of pier、 arch and beam is very difficult, for such reasons, so it is very necessary and important to have stress performance analysis in the combination area of pier、 arch and beam.

从结构受力情况来看，梁体自重主要由连续刚构承受，活载由拱肋与主梁二者共同承受，各自承受力的大小受梁、拱相互整体刚度、柔性吊杆面积的大小影响，结构性能已不同于一般的拱与梁，结构内力分析的过程较一般桥梁体系较为复杂，特别是墩、拱、梁结合处的多向受力状况的分析难度更大，所以对该桥式结构，墩、拱、梁结合部的结构受力特性进行进一步地理论分析测验研究也就显得十分必要和迫切了。

The primary studying works and characteristics:1 To summarize reinforcing theory of cement mixing pile composite foundation2 To analyze the primary mechanics characters and changing rules of cement mixing pile, based on analysis of test data both indoor and outdoor.3 To discuss siding frictional resistance, ending resistance, ultimate bearing capacity of simple mixing pile and effectiveness factor of grouped piles, loading ratio of soil between piles under cushion cap of grouped piles and stress ratio of pile and soil and so on, and use many computation method and experimentation method to ensure bearing capacity of mixing piles composite foundation.4 To point out and analyze eight sides flaws and problems of the bearing capacity calculation method of mixing pile compositefoundation which ensured by national and normative method/ formula.5 To apply test results of loading tests and a few settlement observation data, use gray theory to predicate ultimate bearing capacity of deep mixing piles, actual example demonstrate engaging between theoretical predicted value and actual value.6 To apply groovy layerwise summation method to discuss entity piles method, double foundation method, equivalent layerwise summation method and consolidation theoretical method and so on, especially by combination of engineering example, use FEM to calculate or discuss the settlement and changing rules of composite foundation.7 To discuss problems of critical length of composite foundation by combination of engineering example and numerical analysis method, and analyze the contrast of critical length between simple pile load and most area load of composite foundation, not only critical length of composite foundation is relative to modulus ratio between piles and soil, but also upside load distribution area of composite foundation.

主要的研究工作与特色为：(1)总结了水泥搅拌桩复合地基的加固原理；(2)在对室内外试验资料进行统计分析的基础上，系统分析了搅拌桩水泥土的主要力学特性及其变化规律；(3)探讨了搅拌单桩的侧摩阻力、端阻力、极限承载力及群桩效率系数、群桩承台下桩间土荷载分担比及桩土应力比等，提出用多种计算方法并结合试验方法来综合确定搅拌桩复合地基的承载力；(4)明确指出和分析了按国家有关规范的方法确定搅拌桩复合地基承载力所存在的八个方面的缺陷与问题；(5)利用过去没有加载至破坏阶段的载荷试验成果和较少的沉降观测数据，尝试了用灰色理论预测深层搅拌桩的极限承载力，实例表明理论预测值与实测值吻合较好；(6)在常规分层总和法的基础上，探讨了复合地基沉降计算的实体墩基法、双层地基法、等效作用分层总和法、固结理论法等，特别是结合工程实例，用有限元数值计算等方法计算和讨论了搅拌桩复合地基的沉降及其变化规律；(7)结合工程实例，用数值分析方法探讨了复合地基临界桩长的问题，指出和分析了单桩荷载下的临界桩长与复合地基大面积荷载下的临界桩长存在很大的差别，复合地基的临界桩长不仅与桩土模量比有关，而且与复合地基上部荷载分布面积有关。

Compared with the Epoxy resorcinol-formaldehyde resin pretreatment system and Maleic anhydride pretreatment system developed by Xusigui, the 40% carbolated styrene-butadiene latex system can keep the composite"s properties and reduce the cost of pretreatment and simplify the pretreatment technology; especially to the HST 2073 latex system, the composite"s mechanics properties are improved greatly. Secondly, the composite"s comprehensive properties and interface performance are improved by reinforced with short fiber grafted with rubber in the surface. Thirdly, to simplify the production technology of composite, we add TKM-M and RF-90 as adhesive agent to the composite blended in an internal mixer, so as to the composite can be used to industry widely, then the effect of the amount adhesive agent on the composite"s properties and interface adhesive performance was studied, from the experiments the optimum amount of adhesive agent was deduced.

其中采用特软羧基丁苯胶乳预处理短纤维的方案，降低了预处理成本，相对许泗贵的低分子环氧和马来酸酐体系来说，预处理工艺大大简化了，而材料的力学性能保持良好，尤其是 HST 2073A 胶乳预处理体系，力学性能有较大幅度的提高；第二，通过对尼龙短纤维表面进行接枝橡胶分子链预处理，改善了复合材料的界面粘合性能，复合材料的综合性能也得到了相应的提高；第三，为了简化复合材料的生产工艺，使复合材料的应用得到工业化推广，我们选用TKM—M和RF—90长效增粘剂，直接加入短纤维橡胶复合材料中，采用密炼工艺，探讨了增粘剂的用量对复合材料界面粘合以及性能的影响，得出了增粘剂在复合材料中的最佳用量。

The structure parameter influences on lateral stability, such as crankle rigidity ratio of arch rib, arch axis coefficient, arch high span ratio, lateral rigidity of bridge decking and arch rib ratio, the effect of non-orientedly conservative loadings of bridge deck, lateral wind loadings were discussed. Corresponding numerical charts were given, and they may be of some reference value and helpful to the parameter design of ribbed arches.2. In this paper, the example bridge is a long-span half-through CFST arch bridge of a 100m span in Yi Lan.

分析了拱肋的抗扭刚度与横向抗弯刚度比、拱轴系数、矢跨比、桥面系的横向抗弯刚度与拱肋的横向抗弯刚度比、桥面系横向刚度引起的非保向力效应、横向风荷载对单肋拱横向稳定的影响，并给出了相应的图表，为拱桥设计时拱肋的结构参数的选取提供一定的依据。

The structure parameter influences on lateral stability, such as arch axis coefficient, arch high span ratio, crankle rigidity ratio of arch rib, vertical and lateral rigidity ratio of arch rib, lateral rigidity of bridge decking and arch rib ratio, crossbeam number, rigidity of crossbeam number the effect of non-orientedly conservative loadings of bridge deck and width span ratio, were discussed. Corresponding numerical charts were given, and they may be of some reference value and helpful to the parameter design of ribbed arches.

考虑了拱轴系数、矢跨比、拱肋抗扭刚度与横向抗弯刚度比、拱肋的竖向抗弯刚度与横向抗弯刚度比、横系梁在拱肋切平面内的抗弯刚度和拱肋的横向抗弯刚度比、横系梁在拱肋径向的抗弯刚度与拱肋的横向抗弯刚度比、桥面系的横向抗弯刚度与拱肋的横向抗弯刚度比、横系梁的数量、桥面系横向刚度引起的非保向力效应及拱肋间距与跨径的比对组拼拱横向稳定的影响，并给出了相应的图表，为拱桥设计时拱肋的结构参数的选取提供一定的依据。

The system can be widely used in belt weighing and batching process control,etc.

介绍了基于智能模糊控制的嵌入式配料系统的设计方法，对模糊PID控制过程和系统调零作了重点的讨论，同时给出了PID控制的程序流程图和系统定长调零子程序。

"I dunno," she answered,"but if you show me aroun', I'll recognize it from the lighthouse just outside the porthole."

"我不知道，"她回答说，"如果你能带我转转，我能认出来的，因为灯塔就在舷窗外。"