查询词典 backbone

A method of producing a highly stable packaging substrate in which are provided a first precursor having a first backbone and a first ethynyl group, and a second precursor having a second backbone and a second ethynyl group.

一种生产高度稳定的组装基片的方法，在这种方法中制备具有第一种主链和第一个乙炔基的第一种母体，和具有第二种主链和第二个乙炔基的第二种母体。

The first ethynyl group is reacted with the first reactive group in a first carbon-carbon bond formation reaction and the second ethynyl group is reacted with the second reactive group in a second carbon-carbon bond formation reaction to crosslink the first backbone with the second backbone, thereby forming the packaging substrate.

在第一个碳－碳键生成反应中，使第一个乙炔基与第一个反应性基反应，在第二个碳－碳键生成反应中，使第二个乙炔基与第二个反应性基反应，将第一种主链与第二种主链交联，从而制成组装基片。

To solve this problem, based on the concept of graph theory we give a few models and arithmetic designs of virtual backbone in the environment of different application, and propose the corresponding routing mechanism with these virtual backbones. The major achievements are outlined as follows:The state of host's power or the time of host's online plays an important role in keeping stability of a virtual backbone. With a view to this feature, the paper introduces a simple and efficient heuristic algorithm for calculating the virtual backbone by seeking a minimum connected dominating set with maximal weight. The maximality of the weight-based choice of backbone nodes guarantees that the most suitable nodes have been chosen for the role of backbone nodes so that they can properly coordinate all the other nodes and keep stability of the virtual backbone in the network.

为了解决这个问题，本文利用网络图论中的一些理论，在不同的应用环境下给出几种虚拟骨干网的模型、构建及基于稳定性和节能的算法设计，并针对这些骨干网提出相应的分层路由机制，主要研究内容和贡献如下：考虑到主机的功率大小和在线时间长短对虚拟骨干中心的相对稳固性的影响，提出用基于极大权的最小连通支配集模拟虚拟骨干网；并给出其数学模型和相应的启发式算法，确保了性能强的主机担任骨干节点；通过优化规则确保骨干网的极小性，有效地减小了控制分组转发开销；最后进行了仿真验证。

The minimality of the virtual backbone is assured by designing optimization algorithm. As a result, it can effectively decrease the overhead of control packets dissemination. Simulation resluts show the correctness and the ability of self- renew.Considering the characteristic of fast-moving in wireless ad hoc networks, we construct a virtual backbone with a independent dominating set. This method can avoid sustaining connectivity between backbone nodes and the bakebone network can be rapidly reconstructed as topology change.

对规模较大、移动较频繁的ad hoc网络，用独立支配集构建虚拟骨干网，克服了骨干节点之间必须维护连通性的问题，使得拓扑变化较快时骨干网的重构能快速实现；采用动态按需路由机制，解决了骨干节点要维护路由表的问题；还利用极大独立集的求解得到极小独立支配集；并通过仿真测试了算法的正确性及自恢复能力。

Article 14 In the interconnection between internet backbone networks, the index adopted in the network time delay service grades is the average value of the round-trip delay time from the interconnection point to the network backbone node that participates in the interconnection.

第十四条互联网骨干网间互联中，网络时延服务等级采用的指标是从互联点到达参与互联的网络骨干节点间的往返时延平均值。

The skitter data provided by CAIDA was analyzed as a measurement sample. For the China Telecom's backbone network Chinanet, the integrity ratio of the backbone links measured by skitter is no more than 40%.

以CAIDA组织提供的skitter数据作为测量样本进行了分析，实验表明对中国电信骨干网Chinanet而言，skitter测量到的骨干链路完整性其近似上限为40%。

During the eleventh Five-Year Plan period from 2006-2010, Shanxi will strain every nerve to restructure and improve traditional backbone industries and cultivate new backbone industries on the occasion of the country's implementation of the strategy to vigorously develop the central region and try to build itself into the country's important new energy and industry base.

" 十一五"时期，山西省将抓住国家实施中部崛起战略的机遇，加快改造提升传统支柱产业，加快培育新的支柱产业，把山西建设成为国家最重要的新型能源和工业基地。

A series of novel chiral aminophosphine ligands with binaphthyl backbone and partially reduced binaphthyl backbone were synthesized from optically pure NOBIN and H〓-NOBIN respectively. The effects of binaphthyl backbone and substitutes at the phosphorous atom on Pd (0)-catalyzed allylation of racemic 1, 3-dipheylprop-2-en-1-yl acetate with dimethyl malonate were systematically investigated.

从NOBIN出发合成了一系列膦上含有不同取代基的氮膦配体MAPs以及含有被部分还原的联萘骨架的氮膦配体H〓-MAPs，将此两类配体运用于钯催化的乙酸1，3-二苯基烯丙基酯与丙二酸二甲酯的反应中，考查了膦上取代基和配体骨架对反应的影响。

U.S.-made F-16s, together with French-made Mirage planes, form the backbone of Taiwan's Air Force

美制的F-16，和法制的幻象机，建构了台湾的空军主力。（主力；背脊= backbone

All these results indicate that the DNA variation process during the occurring process of adenocarcinoma may be: the stable DNA phosphate backbone in normal gastric mucosa change into unstable DNA phosphate backbone in intestinal metaplasia issue under affecting of pathogenic factors, and finally, DNA phosphate backbone is broken and re-forms a double stabilized phosphate backbones, which causes the occurring of adenocarcinoma.

这些结果提示胃癌的发生过程中DNA结构变化过程可能是：胃粘膜正常组织具有稳定的DNA磷酸骨架，在致病因素作用下发展为具有不稳定磷酸骨架DNA的肠化组织，最后组织DNA磷酸骨架断裂并重新形成稳定的DNA磷酸骨架，致胃癌发生。

If Pentium 4 used to be the master of all games built on Quake3 engine, now the situation has changed completely.

如果奔腾4使用的是掌握所有游戏建立在求苛刻的发动机，现在的情况已完全改变。

No, this is not what we mean by framing, although the principle is the same.

不，这不是我们所讲的框架的含义，尽管法则是一样的。