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This thesis aims at the theme of Yu Hua's novels via three sections: the first section analyses the cause of Yu Hua's novels' theme: tribulation from western culture, his hometown specialty, his childhood, and the totential memory of Institutional Revolution; the second section focuses on his enquiry of life and survival through violence and death,warmth and sorrow,which shows his theme of tribulation and its significance;the third section discoers the deep implication of Yuhua's novels theme from setting up the real mentality,suppassing the prior writings and exploring the meaning of life.

本文对余华小说创作主题的考察分三部分进行：第一部分分析余华小说苦难主题形成的原因：西方文化的滋润、童年生活的经验及早年工作的经历、文革的潜在记忆；第二部分通过文本解读，剖析作家在先锋立场下对人生与生存问题的拷问，分别从暴力与死亡、温情与悲悯两个方面，揭示余华小说的苦难主题及其意义；第三部分从构建精神的真实、超越先锋的写作以及生存意义的探寻等方面考察余华小说苦难主题的深层意蕴。

Methods— Morphologic features of ASD and VSD were demonstrated by specialized echocardiographic section using a transthoracic probe. En face views of secundumASD and perimembranous and outflow tract or doubly committed subarterial VSD were imaged with interatrial septal section and inflow and outflow interventricular septal section on parasternal or apical position, respectively.

使用特殊的超声心动图切面显示 ASD 和 VSD 的平面形态学特征，在胸骨旁或心尖位置，使用房间隔切面、流入道和流出道室间隔，分别显示继发孔型 ASD 、膜周部和流出道或双动脉干下型 VSD 的平面形态学特征。

objective:to investigate the present situation and features of infection of incisional wound after sesarean section,so as to find the best method in the diagnosis and prevention of incisional infection.methods:the patients undergoing cesarean section were investigated retrospectively for studying the basic features of incisional infection after operation.results:of 13798 investigated parturients after cesarean section,96 were found with the infection of incisional wound accounting for 0.7%.the main symptom was distending pain or jumping pain on the site of incision,the emergence time of symptom in major cases(78.13%) was 4 to 7 days after operation.the local therapy including drainage,ultraviolet rays or infrared rays irradiation and ultrashort wave therapy was the main method in concert with antibiotic treatment and support therapy.the antibiotic therapy was changeable,and albumin intromission was the main method in the general support therapy.

目的：了解剖宫产手术切口感染的现状特点，分析其感染原因，便于临床上更好的诊断和预防切口感染。方法：采用回顾性调查方法，研究剖宫产切口感染的基本特征。结果：调查产妇13 798例，其中切口感染96例，感染率0.7％，症状主要表现为切口胀痛、跳痛，78.13％出现在术后4～7天，57例产妇伴有发热，占59.38％；感染后治疗主要是局部治疗配合抗生素治疗、支持治疗，局部治疗以引流、紫外线或红外线照射、超短波疗法为主，抗生素的使用比较混乱，全身支持治疗以输入白蛋白为主。

The work out develops 2 dimension multigroup method of vertical mark of section piece disperse (section piece spreads out NSNM of NDOM) module program and three-dimensional multigroup method module program, develop the module program HANWIND; that SN means sets inside section piece for fundamental work out with this among them, NSNM begs the functional module that solves two dimension problem for HANWIND.

编制开发二维多群节块离散纵标方法模块程序NSNM和三维多群节块展开方法模块程序MGNEM，并以此为基础编制开发节块内嵌SN方法的模块程序HANWIND；其中，NSNM为HANWIND求解两维新问题的功能模块。

Exhausts in a crowd of ability remarkable engineer mental, uses the newest speaker science and technology diligently, only then had the ORIEL birth, he has the 1.78M height, works the fine semblance, artistic refined, and uses the best speaker unit, the best frequency divider module, with the best box body material, causes him to become world one of minority several section of top speakers, just like British AUDIOPHiLE magazine regarding ORILE section of evaluations:"…A section has the unique style speaker".

在一群能力卓越的工程师竭尽心智，采用最新扬声器科技的努力之下，才有了ORIEL的诞生，他拥有1.78M的身高，做工精致的外表，美观脱俗，并且采用最好的扬声器单元，最好的分频器组件，和最好的箱体材料，使他成为全世界少数几款顶级扬声器之一，正如英国AUDIOPHiLE杂志对于ORILE的一段评语："。。。一款拥有独特格调的扬声器"。翻为

The first section is introduction; the second and the third sections discuss the parametric estimation; the fourth section is about the choice of factors, model test and characteristic model; the application of factor model in risk management will be discussed in the last section.

具体内容安排如下：第一章首先介绍本文研究的理论与现实意义；然后基于SDF定价框架，详细地论述了本文所要研究四个问题的内在联系，同时也为本文后面的模型讨论提供了一个框架；最后给出本文的研究主要内容和主要创新之处。

According to the plane cross section assumption, configuration of a rod is expressed as a history of the cross section with arc coordinate. A special solution which stands for equilibrium in straight line state is obtained from differential equilibrium equation. Linear perturbation equation is derived and its general solution is obtained in which the integral constants are determined by constrained conditions at two ends of the rod. The condition of existence of non zero solution of the integral constants gives to the Greenhill formula of exact elastic rod model, which shows that the boundary of stable area is a closed curve and of symmetry, and inference of shearable and extensible to stability of the rod is depend on three factors: difference between flexibility of shear and extension of a section of the rod, bending stiffness and the length of the rod.

基于平面截面假定，弹性杆的位形表达为截面的弧坐标历程，根据平衡微分方程得到了两端受力螺旋作用时的直线平衡特解，导出了线性化扰动方程及其通解，积分常数根据两端铰支时的边界条件确定，并根据其存在非零解的条件得到弹性直杆精确模型的Greenhill公式，表明稳定域为一对称的封闭区域，拉/压和剪切对稳定性的影响取决于：拉/压柔度与剪切柔度之差，抗弯刚度和杆长这三个因素

The board-mounting section (60) and at least a portion of the body section (50) of the terminal (40) adjacent thereto is embossed laterally from the plane of the body section a selected distance.

装于板的部分（60）和至少一个相邻的端子（40）本体（50）的部分从本体平面侧向凸出选定的距离。

The formula of normal cross section bending resistance bearing capacity based on the assumption of plane deformation of the cross section, and the formula of oblique section shear bearing capacity according to its composition and deformation are suggested.

在平截面假定的基础上，提出了两者正截面受弯承载力公式；按墙体组成材料对抗剪承载力的贡献，提出了墙体斜截面受剪承载力公式；同时还提出了墙体侧向变形的计算公式。

Combining with the National Natural Science Foundation ofChina(No.50478032), following researches were done in this thesis: 1 The variation regularity of the ultimate anti-bending capacity of therectangular-sectioned beam with different corrosion has been obtained through thequalitative analysis of 48 beams (32 corroded beams and 12 comparing beams) withaccelerated corrosion; 2 The conclusion has been obtained that the strain of corroded steel bar andconcrete no longer fit in with the assumption of plane section through the analysis ofthe strain data, the strain relation of steel bar and concrete in the mid-span section ofvariously corroded beams at ultimate has been obtained. Through the building of newgeometric relation, the expression of the height of compressive area in the corrodedbeam with rectangular section has been deduced, and the formula with corrosion rateas the main variable for the anti-bending capacity of the corroded concrete beam hasbeen suggested and verified by experiment.; 3 The influence of steel bar corrosion and the concrete regression to the flexureductility coefficient of the corroded structure component has been analyzed. Based onthe relation of steel bar and concrete at yield and ultimate, the expression for theflexure at yield and ultimate of corroded reinforced concrete beam, and the model forthe calculation of the flexure ductility has been built.

本文结合国家自然科学基金项目(50478032)"既有钢筋混凝土桥梁时变可靠度研究"，主要进行了以下研究工作： 1通过对48根快速锈蚀钢筋混凝土矩形截面梁(32根锈蚀梁和12根对比试验梁)数据的定性分析，得到了不同锈蚀率下，锈蚀钢筋混凝土矩形截面梁极限抗弯承载力的变化规律； 2通过对应变数据的分析，论证了锈蚀构件钢筋和混凝土的应变不再符合平截面假定的结论，并通过回归分析得出了不同锈蚀率的螺纹钢筋梁和光圆钢筋梁在极限弯矩作用下，跨中截面处钢筋应变和钢筋处混凝土应变的关系，通过构造新的几何关系，得出了锈蚀钢筋混凝土矩形截面梁计算受压区高度的表达式，既而得出了以锈蚀率为主要变量的锈蚀钢筋混凝土矩形截面梁的正截面抗弯计算建议公式，并通过试验数据加以验证； 3分析了钢筋锈蚀和混凝土劣化对锈蚀构件曲率延性系数的影响，结合钢筋屈服和极限弯矩两种状态下钢筋和混凝土的应变关系，分别得到了锈蚀钢筋混凝土矩形截面梁屈服曲率和极限曲率的计算表达式；既而推导出曲率延性系数的计算模型。

Pradeep Indulkar, a senior official at the Maharashtra state Home Ministry say 101 human were killed and 287 injured.

马哈拉施特拉邦内政部高级官员Pradeep Indulkar称，有101人在冲突中丧生，287人受伤。

Mark Frei, a senior vice president of West, says 80% of West's homeagents have some college education, compared with 30% of those whowork in office-based call centers.

Frei说，该公司80%在家办公的人员都拥有本科学位，而在公司电话中心工作的人中只有30%拥有本科学位。