查询词典 above-mentioned

The basic approach of protecting people from being hurt or killed in an accident is to improve crashworthiness of vehicles. This paper starts with discussing theories and methods for vehicle passive safety design, which included experiential methods, analytic methods, multi-body dynamics methods, crash test methods and the finite element method. Emphasis will be paid to the basic FEM theories and algorithms of impact problems. Topics discussed include the governing equation, element discretization, hourglass control, time integration, material model, shell element algorithms and contact-impact algorithms. For more reliable simulation results, this paper then conducts study on how to accurately get material model parameters by combining the FEM method with experimental method, and develops relevant material test machine and parameter calculating software. Based on that, basic typical impact simulation and test validation study are conducted. On the basis of the above work, the paper studies the thin-shell structures'crashworthiness, which was affected by the following factors: spot-weld features, shell thickness, cross-section and pre-deformation. As to vehicle parts'crashworthiness, the paper conducts simulation study of designing energy-absorbing steering system and adaptive airbag system. A practical energy-absorbing steering wheel is designed as an example. In further depth research, the paper suggests several inverse quantificational methods for vehicle crashworthiness design based on the ideal crash characteristics. The above theories and methods are applied with good results through several practical vehicles' crashworthiness design and improvement.

文中对汽车碰撞安全性的设计理论和方法进行了归类和总结，其中包括经验法、解析法、多刚体动力学法、试验法以及有限元方法等；重点介绍了碰撞有限元法的基本理论和有关算法，涉及到有限元求解控制方程、单元离散、沙漏模态控制、时间积分、材料模型和应力修正、薄壳单元算法以及接触碰撞界面算法等，探讨了有限元计算中的材料模型参数获取技术，开发了相应的材料试验装置及材料模型参数反求软件，在此基础上进行了基本的碰撞仿真算例和试验对比研究；文中通过应用有限元方法研究了薄壁构件的碰撞吸能特性，指出了设计薄壁吸能构件时需要考虑的几个主要影响因素，即焊点、壁厚、横截面和预变形等；在关于车辆部件的碰撞安全性能设计中进行了吸能转向机构和自适应安全气囊的仿真研究，提出了吸能转向机构和自适应安全气囊的仿真研究方法；文中最后探讨了整车碰撞性能的设计与改进方法，提出了以理想碰撞特性为目标，采用分段加速度或者根据碰撞时间进行设计的反推设计法、部件吸能仿真优化设计法等量化设计方法，并通过综合应用文中所讨论的相关技术进行了整车碰撞性能的设计与改进实例研究，所选定的车型是大众化的普通轿车和碰撞安全性基础较差的微型面包车，研究结果表明，本文所提出的设计与改进方法是适用而有效的，具有重要的工程实用意义和价值。

Androgynus was a kind of hyperaccumulator in Cd, with critical value of 50 mg/kg, above which would cause poison in S. androgynus, and even dead when it was up to 800mg/kg; transfer coefficient would decrease with the increase in treated concentrations, which show that plant would protest Cd against transferring to above-grounds and causing poison.

以上结果说明五指山野菜是Cd超积累植物，且50 mg/kg时是五指山野菜正常生长的临界值，高于此浓度，将对其产生毒害，当浓度为800 mg/kg时，植株出现死亡；随处理浓度的增加，转移系数逐渐变小，说明植物在高Cd胁迫下阻止Cd向地上部分转移而产生更严重的毒害。

Above all this scenery of perfect human life, rose dome and bell-tower, burning with white alabaster and gold: beyond dome and bell-tower the slopes of mighty hills, hoary with olive; far in the north, above a purple sea of peaks of solemn Apennine(5), the clear, sharp- cloven Carrara mountains(6) sent up their steadfast flames of marble summit into amber sky; the great sea itself, scorching with expanse of light, stretching from their feet to the Gorgonian isles(7); and over all these, ever present, near or far--seen through the leaves of vine, or imaged with all its march of clouds in the Arno's stream,(8) or set with its depth of blue close against the golden hair and burning cheek of lady and knight,-- that untroubled and sacred sky, which was to all men, in those days of innocent faith, indeed the unquestioned abode of spirits, as the earth was of men; and which opened straight through its gates of cloud and veils of dew into the awfulness of the eternal world; a heaven in which every cloud that passed was literally the chariot of an angel and every ray of its Evening and Morning streamed from the throne of God.

在这一片人世间完美无缺的景色之上，高耸着发出白雪花石膏和黄金的辉煌光芒的圆拱屋顶和钟楼，在拱顶和钟楼的后面是雄伟的山脉，山上长满了灰色的油橄榄树，遥远的北方，在威严的亚平宁山脉紫色的群峰之上，轮廓分明的卡拉拉山把永恒不变的火焰似的大理石山顶插入琥珀色的天空，光芒夺目的浩瀚大海从山脚下一直延伸到戈尔高尼群岛，而在这一切之上，无论是透过葡萄叶丛所见到的，还是阿尔诺河上伴着飘忽的云影所反映出来的，还是同贵妇人和骑士的金色头发和红润面颊相映衬的，是一片蔚蓝的天空，无远弗届，无时不在，宁静而庄严。在那信仰单纯的年月里，对所有的人来说，那苍天无容置疑地是神仙的住所，就象地球是人的住所一样。穿过云端的大门，透过露珠的纱幕，一直通向令人敬畏的永恒世界--那就是天国，在那儿朵朵飘过的云彩实际上都是天使的战车，晨曦和晚霞的每缕光芒都来自上帝的宝座。

The above provisions shall not prevent the countries from exercising the right given in Article 6 quinquies(3), to refuse or to invalidate the registration of marks incorporating, without authorization, armorial bearings, flags, other State emblems, or official signs and hallmarks adopted by a country of the Union, as well as the distinctive signs of international intergovernmental organizations referred to in paragraph (1), above.

10上述各项规定不应妨碍各国行使第六条之五3款第(3)项所规定的权利，即对未经批准而含有本联盟国家所采用的国徽、国旗、其他国家徽记，或官方符号和检验印章，以及上述第(1)款所述的政府间国际组织特有符号的商标，拒绝予以注册或使其注册无效。

The above provisions shall not prevent the countries from exercising the right given in paragraph (3) of Article 6quinquies, Section B, to refuse or to invalidate the registration of marks incorporating, without authorization, armorial bearings, flags, other State emblems, or official signs and hallmarks adopted by a country of the Union, as well as the distinctive signs of international intergovernmental organizations referred to in paragraph (1), above.

上述各项规定不应妨碍各国行使第六条之五第款第（3）项所赋予的权利棗即对未经批准而使用带有本同盟某一成员国的纹章、国旗、其他象征国家的标志或官方符号和标志的商标，以及带有上述第款所指的政府间国际组织特有标记的商标，拒绝予以注册或使其注册失效。第六条之四？〔商标：商标的转让

Study a proof, the female is 50 years old ago, the odds that contracts joint disease and male keep balance basically, after arriving 50 years old, it is 3 times of the male, 60 years old of above produce joint disease may achieve 50%, 75 years old of above can be achieved 80%, among them the patient of 46% affects articulatory function and labor ability badly.

探究证实，女性在50岁前，患关节病的几率和男性基本持平，到了50岁后，就是男性的3倍，60岁以上发生关节疾病的可能会达到50%，75岁以上会达到80%，其中46%的患者严重影响关节功能及劳动能力。

Article 27 Upon expiration of the assigned land, the grantee have applied for renewal, but the grantee have rejected the application according to the article 24 of the contract, the right to the use of the land and the ownership of the above-ground buildings and other attached objects thereon shall be withdrawalled by the assigner on behalf of State without compensation, but the assigner should compensate the grantee according to the residual value of the above-ground buildings and other attached objects thereon.

第二十七条土地出让期限届满，受让人提出续期申请而出让人根据本合同第二十四条之规定没有批准续期的，土地使用权由出让人代表国家无偿收回，但对于地上建筑物及其他附着物，出让人应当根据收回时地上建筑物、其他附着物的残余价值给予受让人相应补偿。

This brush 10 has a curved core 11 to which the bristles are connected, and presents a section varying over at least a part of length of the brush in the geometrically non-similar form. The above section at least at one point of the core is asymmetric in relation to a plane perpendicular to the plane of curvature of the core in the above point.

本发明涉及一种刷子10，具有连接有刷毛的弯曲轴芯11，在刷子长度的至少一部分上具有变化的截面，且该变化方式在几何上是不相似的，位于轴芯的至少一点处的所述截面相对于垂直于所述点处轴芯的曲面的平面是不对称的。

My plant 520-1, 520-2 lately large brick machines model 14 pieces and 18, 20 pieces of 100 mm 200 mm Holland brickses at a time, having never needed to use to give plank, and any productseses can produce such as arbitrarily colorful road noodles azulejo, turf-grass brick and U type catchment dike brick and grow 1.2 meters, the breadth is 0.6 meters, the road of thick 0.4 meterses follow the stone and shoulder stoneses can all produce, class produces being 20000 pieces of is above and have the above new model all characteristicses and is a large cement product factory production high grade cement most ideal product nowadays of the head choose an equipments.

本厂最新大型520-1、520-2液压型砖机一次成型14块、18、20块100mm 200mm荷兰砖，无需使用托板、且任何产品都可以生产如任意彩色路面花砖、草坪砖、U型排水渠砖及长1.2米，宽0.6米，厚0.4米的路沿石、路肩石都可全部生产，班产20000块以上并且有以上新机型所有特点、是当今大型水泥制品厂生产高等级水泥制品最理想的首选设备。

My plant 520-1, 520-2 lately large brick machines model 14 pieces 18, 20 pieces of 100 mm × 200 mm Hollbrickses at a time, having never needed to use to give plank, any productseses can produce such as arbitrarily colorful road noodles azulejo, turf-grass brick U type catchment dike brick grow 1.2 meters, the breadth is 0.6 meters, the road of thick 0.4 meterses follow the stone shoulder stoneses can all produce, class produces being 20000 pieces of is above have the above new model allacteristicses is a large cement product factory production high grade cement most ideal product nowadays of the head choose an equipments.

本厂最新大型520-1、520-2液压型砖机一次成型14块、18、20块100mm×200mm荷兰砖，无需使用托板、且任何产品都可以生产如任意彩色路面花砖、草坪砖、U型排水渠砖及长1.2米，宽0.6米，厚0.4米的路沿石、路肩石都可全部生产，班产20000块以上并且有以上新机型所有特点、是当今大型水泥制品厂生产高等级水泥制品最理想的首选设备。

It is also known as one of the most poisonous naturally occurring substances.

它也被称为一个最自然发生的有毒物质。

The greatest stress is found at the location on the cross section where V is the largest.

最大应力出现在横截面上V为最大的地方。