查询词典 Monte Carlo

Thermodynamic properties and mechanism of phase transitions inthe two-dimensional Lennard-Jones Systems are studied by Monte Carlo method. Canonical ensemble Monte Carlo simulations are performed for a wide range of thermodynamic equilibrium states.

为深入研究微小尺度系统的热力学性质和相转变机制，以粒子间通过Lennard-Jones势能作用的2维系统为模型，通过正则系综MonteCarlo模拟细致地考察了气/液相转变区的平衡态参数。

The rule of Monte Carlo method is described in detail at first. And convolution and Monte Carlo method are connected.

首先对蒙特卡罗方法的原理和规则进行了详细的说明，并把卷积方法与蒙特卡罗方法的结合起来。

Neumann series expansion in Monte-Carlo finite element is used to find the stress of fiber winded composite structures with stochastic factor; Structure reliability formula are then given by Monte-Carlo comparison method and Tsai-Hill failure criteria.

将纽曼级数展开的蒙特卡罗随机有限元应用于具有随机因素的纤维缠绕结构的应力求解；然后利用蒙特卡罗直接比较法和蔡希尔失效判据给出该结构的可靠性算式。

The nonlinearity and discrete gradient inherited in CAViaR model is a conundrum for parameter estimation. We take the asymmetric Laplace distribution with scale parameter as the error process; indicate the variance has a minimum positive value when the scale parameter is a constant, conflicting with the distribution of real financial data. Further we estimate the parameters of indirect TARCH-CAViaR model base on Bayesian framework and Markov chain Monte Carlo method. The optimal scale parameter can also be obtained by Markov chain Monte Carlo method.

CAViaR一般模型中递归分位回归方程的非线性和非连续可微性是参数估计的一个难题，基于含有尺度参数的不对称拉普拉斯分布作为误差过程，指出将尺度参数固定为常数会导致不对称拉普拉斯分布随机变量的方差存在最小正值的限制，与实际金融数据分布不符；进而提出采用贝叶斯分析和马尔科夫链蒙特卡罗模拟方法，估计间接TARCH-CAViaR模型的参数，并可获得尺度参数的合理估计。

In risk analysis at the Monte Carlo simulation model,this paper built a Monte Carlo risk analysis subsystems.

在风险分析的蒙特卡罗模拟模型中，本文构建了蒙特卡罗风险分析子系统。

First,we proposes the acceleration of Monte Carlo EM Algorithm,which is based on Monte Carlo EM Algorithm and Newton-Raphson algorithm,to improve the convergence rate;Second,the it is shown that the accelerated EM algorithm we proposed has quadratic convergence rate in a neighborhood of the posterior mode;Finally,its excellent performance in convergence rate is illustrated by a classical example.

受Monte Carlo EM算法与EM加速算法启发，本文构造了一种新的EM算法，称为Monte Carlo EM加速算法；证明了该算法在似然函数/后验分布的众数的附近确实具有二次收敛速度，改进了Monte Carlo EM算法的收敛速度；并通过一个数值例子的计算结果说明了该算法的优良性，它兼具实现简单及收敛速度快的特点。

Stochastic convex programming; Monte Carlo methods; Financial optimization; Convergence with probability one; Optimality condition; Monte Carlo penalty function methods; Nonsmooth optimization; Directional derivative; Subdifferential; Confident interval; Conditional Value-at-Risk; Optimal reinsurance

基础科学，数学，运筹学随机凸规划； Monte Carlo方法；金融优化；以概率1收敛；最优性条件； Monte Carlo罚函数法；非光滑优化；方向导数；次微分；置信区间；条件风险价值；最优再保险

Monte Carlo simulation is one of effective ways to get this kind of dosimetric parameters. In this paper, the absorbed doses at the central axis in different phantoms with inhomogeneity media and finite sizes for small field size beams were simulated with Monte Carlo code system EGSnrc, respectively.

本文利用蒙特卡罗方法模拟计算了临床上常用的点源光子束在有限宽非均匀模体中的沉积能量，研究了不同射野条件下中心轴上的剂量分布，并用剂量扰动因子定量分析了剂量增强或减弱效应的强度。

In order to assort with antinomy of computation cost and computation precision in ordinary Monte Carlo methods,multi-Monte Carlo method is promoted to simulate general dynamics equation for deposition of polydisperse particles.

为了解决普通Monte Carlo算法计算精度和计算代价无法协调的矛盾，发展了一种新的多重Monte Carlo算法求解考虑多分散性颗粒沉积的通用动力学方程，该算法引入加权虚拟颗粒的概念，基于时间驱动MonteCarlo技术，模拟过程中保持虚拟颗粒数目和计算区域体积不变。

There were no significant differences for the firing rates in the site of contralateral TNC neurons among during pre-CSD,CSD,and post-CSD (P＞0.05).For flunarizine group,the firing rates in the site of ipsilateral TNC neurons during pre-CSD were higher as compared with during CSD(P＜0.05).2.1 There were statistical differences on palasma levels of CGRP and SP among the three groups(P＜0.05).The levels of CGRP and SP in CSD group were higher than control group(P＜0.05).No significant differences on the levels of CGRP and SP in ipsilateral trigeminal ganglia were found among the three groups(P＞0.05).2 The number of neurons with positive CGRP and SP immunoreactivity was statistically different in right-sided trigeminal ganglia among the three groups (P＜0.05).The number in fight-sided trigeminal ganglia in CSD group was higher as compared with control group(P＜0.05).The number in right-sided trigeminal ganglia was statistically higher than that in left-sided trigeminal ganglion in CSD group(P＜0.05).3.1 Altered ReHo in ipsilateral pons and other brain regions response to pain such as basal nuclei,thalamus,cingulated gyms and prefrontal cortex was detected during the acute spontaneous attack as compared with during headache remission(P＜0.05,corrected by Monte Carlo simulation). 2 Positive functional connectivity was detected between ipsilateral pons and other brain regions related to pain within pain state and within non-pain state (P＜0.05,corrected by false discovery rate,FDR).Increased functional correlation between ipsilateral pons and other pain-related brain regions such as ipsilateral prefrontal cortex and contralateral subcallosal gyrus was detected during the acute spontaneous attack as compared with during headache remission(P＜0.05,corrected by Monte Carlo simulation).

结果1。对照组未发现CSD；同侧TNC放电频率，CSD中＞CSD后＞CSD前P＜0.05对侧TNC放电频率，CSD前、中、后无统计学差异(P＞0.05氟桂利嗪组同侧TNC放电频率，CSD前＞CSD中(P＜0.05)，CSD前与CSD后及CSD中与CSD后之间无统计学差异(P＞0.05)。2.1关于放免测定，各组血浆CGRP、SP水平有统计学差异(P＜0.05)，CSD组高于对照组(P＜0.05)，CSD组与氟桂利嗪组、对照组与氟桂利嗪组之间均无统计学差异P＞0.05各组之间同侧三叉神经节中CGRP、SP水平未见变化(P＞0.05.2关于免疫组化研究，右侧三叉神经节CGRP、SP免疫阳性细胞数三组之间有统计学差异(P＜0.05)，多重两两比较结果CSD组大于对照组(P＜0.05)，CSD组与氟桂利嗪组之间、对照组与氟桂利嗪组之间无统计学差异P＞0.05左侧三叉神经节CGRP、SP免疫阳性细胞数三组之间无统计学差异(P＞0.05CSD组中右侧三叉神经节CGRP、SP免疫反应阳性细胞数大于左侧(P＜0.05)。3.1局部一致性分析发现两组患者头痛疼痛状态较非疼痛状态脑活动发生变化的脑区有同侧脑桥以及其他疼痛相关脑区如基底节区、丘脑、扣带回、前额叶皮层等(P＜0.05，蒙特卡罗模拟校正)。2功能连接分析发现疼痛状态与非疼痛状态下主要疼痛相关脑区均与同侧脑桥有功能联系P＜0.05，false discovery rate，FDR校正疼痛状态与非疼痛状态比较，同侧前额叶皮层、对侧胼胝下回等疼痛相关脑区与同侧脑桥之间功能联系增强(P＜0.05，蒙特卡罗模拟校正。

No, it's unnecessary. I don't think I have a fever.

不，没有必要，我想我没有发烧。

We live in a culture of instant gratification.

我们生活在即时满足的文化中。