查询词典 variable capital

Chapter one of this text has recommended the foreign insurance to apply financial economy to the products pricing method of insurance company, but these methods have not explained how to determine the fair premium of the multiple-line insurance company .In order to solve many business line insurance company pricing problem, chapter two introduce an very important model in insurance company capital allocation field - MR capital allocation model, through deriving capital allocation formula and simulation analysis indicate MR model allocate multiple- line insurance company capital scientifically. In order to apply MR model to non-life insurance pricing, chapter three will extend MR model to introduce loss 3 and layer P . Since the premise of MR model is a certain market price of loss, the chapter four will use the risk-neutral probability transformation technique to get the market value of loss. Under lognormal distribution, we will use location parameter shift and proportional PH transformation to illuminate the technique. The final chapter combines the prior sections result to deduce out the fair premium formula, and apply it to price the catastrophe insurance.

本文的第一章介绍了国外保险业将财务经济学应用到保险公司产品定价的方法，但是这些方法都没有说明如何确定多业务线保险公司的公平保费；为了解决多业务线保险公司定价问题，第二章引入保险公司资本配置领域非常重要的一个模型—MR资本配置模型，通过推导资本配置公式及模拟分析表明MR模型科学地配置了多业务线公司的资本；为了将MR模型应用到非寿险公司的定价中去第三章扩展了MR模型，引入了损失β和层β的概念：由于MR模型的前提条件是有一个确定的损失市场价值，第四章利用风险中性转化方法获得损失的市场价值，在损失为对数正态分布的条件下，通过位置参数转化和比例危险转化方法给出了实例说明；第五章结合前几章的结果给出非寿险公司公平保费的定价公式，并运用它给出了巨灾保险价格的模拟分析。

The important meaning of conclusion enhances innovation of market-oriented economy. China must chooses the technology path that accords with resource structure and nature endowment, relaxes wage control and capital price control, and arouses interests of labors to accumulate human capital.Key words: Deepening of Capital, Technological Advancement, Employment Effect, Human Capital.

结论的现实意义是，制定符合中国资源禀赋特点的技术发展路径是减少技术进步对就业替代作用的重要措施，同时放松资本、劳动力要素市场的管制和加强人力资本的积累也是发挥市场化就业形成机制不可忽视的基础性因素。

Commodity and its value → money → capital → surplus-value → wage → accumulation of capital → circulation of capital → movement of the general social capital → profit → average profit → commercial profit and interest → ground rent.

商品及其价值→货币→资本→剩余价值→工资→资本积累→资本循环→资本周转→社会总资本的运动→利润→平均利润→商业利润和利息→地租。

The author illustrates the economic function of public sections, and analyses the cause of public disbursement, and also constructs the optimal scale of public disbursement. The author also summarizes the reform experiences of foreign countries. Then the author presents the managerial system of the budget in our country, which we can know the necessity of this treasury reform. After this, the author illustrates the correlative contents of TSA, such as standard process and the occasion of this reform. The author puts forward four capital modes, which accords with our instance. They are basic pattern of central government to senior budget units, basic pattern of central government to skeleton budget, basic pattern of financial direct disbursement and basic pattern of financial accredit disbursement. The author also advises a new effect modes can be put into practice after treasury banks come into existence. In this article, we can pick up the appraisals and advices of this reform. At last, the author puts theory into practice, brings forward that we can remain the capital using rights in colleges, but we should constitute capital managerial committee to masterfinancial capital, and carry out a new mode at colleges, which is like TSA.

本文作者从公共部门的经济职能入手，分析了公共支出规模扩张的原因以及公共支出最优规模的确定；然后又从已实行国库集中支付制国家的具体操作过程中，得出一些对我国国库改革有益的经验；文章介绍了我国预算管理体制改革的历程，从中可以看出实施国库集中支付制度的必要性，接着阐明了该项制度在我国的现行基本操作程序、我国推行国库集中支付制度的时机分析等一系列与该制度相关的内容；作者根据我国国情和资金的使用性质分别提出了中央对一级预算单位、二级预算单位以及财政直接支付、财政授权支付的四种资金拨付方式，文中还建议在成立国库银行后，实行在全国范围内更有效的单一资金拨付模式；文章接着分析了该制度的实施效果评价，并对国库集中支付制度的实施提出了政策建议；笔者最后将理论用于具体的实际中，针对现在高校一方面存在资金管理问题，另一方面又对在高校内实施国库集中支付制度持消极态度，提出将资金的使用拨付权留在高校，但需要成立资金管理委员会，在高校内部实行类似于全国范围内的国库集中支付制度的模式。

"Creative property" is a successful listing "natural events" because of the "capital master" pioneering group, is listed as a capital boost travel since 1995 reorganization, time and again the capital market temper has set herself for the "capital of the Road."

&首创置业&的成功上市其实是个&必然事件&，因为对于&资本高手&首创集团来说，上市就像是一次刺激的资本旅行，自1995年重组以来，一次又一次的资本市场锤炼，已经让首创深谙&资本之道&。

The view of "gradualism" ignores the cost of capital control, especially under the circumstance of postponing capital account liberalization s.d., in which the cost of capital control keeps on rising and the efficiency of capital control keeps on declining.

综合以上分析，笔者认为，渐进观点忽视了资本管制成本，尤其是忽视了在将资本项目对外开放进程无限期地延迟的情况下，随之而来的是管制成本的不断增加和管制效率的相应丧失。

From the historical perspective, saying that "Seoul" Every name, almost related to the Korean national state of mind is directly or indirectly associated. Lee Dynasty in 1394 in the capital, Seoul changed its name, is the pronunciation of the Korean-time training Hansung. In 1910 the Korean Peninsula become a Japanese colony, Japan also renamed it the "capital" is the Japanese pronunciation training time Keijo. In 1945 the liberation of the Korean Peninsula, the capital of the Republic of Korea and Seoul, although I call it the "capital", not to write Chinese characters, only the spelling in Korean, Seoul has become the Korean Peninsula not only mark the Chinese city.

有人从历史的角度来分析，认为&汉城&每次改名，几乎都跟韩国人的民族心态有直接或间接的关联。1394年李氏王朝在此建都，改名汉城，读音是朝鲜式训读Hansung.1910年朝鲜半岛沦为日本殖民地，日本又将它改名&京城&，读音是日式训读Keijo.1945年朝鲜半岛获得解放，大韩民国又建都汉城，虽然口称它为&首府&，却不写汉字，仅用韩文拼写，Seoul遂成了朝鲜半岛唯一没有汉字标记的城市。

With the guidance of the Theories of Social Capital, this paper uses the methods of single variable, double variable to describe and analyze the existing situation and the differences of the urban habitant's house consumption intents, then it is discussed why there are differences about the urban habitant's house consumption intents, in the end we make conclusions about some important topics.

本文以社会资本理论作为指导理论，运用单变量、双变量统计分析方法，描述、分析了城市居民住房消费取向的现状和差异，探讨了城市居民住房消费取向差异的社会资本原因，提出了社会资本的预期与测量问题，指出了我国住房制度目前存在的问题，提出了社会分层研究的取向研究方法。

In this thesis , I use relevant theories of regional economics,system engineering methord ,and industry"s economics, and adopt research methords of gange analysis , facts analysis and comparison analysis to make objective and just appraisal on the actural conditions of each country regional economic development of Hubei province on the basis of setting up the comprehensive appraising system of country economic strength ; and I divide all coutry of Hubei into three classes more developed country , the undeveloped country and poor country and analyse the reasons for forming three kinds of different development levels, then I set up plural linear regression model to announce the role of every influence factor in Hubei country economic development by regarding economic development level as depentent variable and regarding the seven influence factors(stock of the capital .industrial structure,government"s efficiency ,economic vigor ,technological innovation ability,agricultu ral innovationability, agr icultural resource and export-oriented degree of economy )as independent variable.

本文运用区域经济学、计量经济学、产业经济学的相关理论，采用规范分析、实证分析、比较分析相结合的研究方法，在建立县域经济综合实力评价体系的基础上，对湖北省各个县域经济发展的实际情况作出了客观公正的评价，并把湖北各县域分为三大类：较发达县、欠发达县和贫困县，且对形成三类县域不同发展水平的原因进行了分析。然后以经济发展水平为因变量，以资本存量、产业结构、政府效率、经济活力、技术创新能力、农业资源禀赋和经济外向度等七个方面的影响因素为自变量，建立多元线性回归模型，揭示各影响因素在湖北县域经济发展中的作用。

So first we dont take the endogenesis into account and use OLS to estimate the relationship between capital structure and performance. Then we use instrumental variable to establish a new equation to eliminate the influence of endogenesis. We will compare the two results to find a correct relationship of capital structure and performance.

因此，本文首先不考虑变量间的内生性影响，采用普通最小二乘法，研究资本结构与公司绩效之间的相互关系，然后引入工具变量，重新建立模型以消除二者之间的内生性关系，并与不考虑内生性影响的结果进行比较，以求得出二者之间较为可靠的相关关系。

Chinese traditional virtue is humility and wariness,the compliment and praise to the others should be declination

中国人的传统美德是谦虚谨慎，对别人的恭维和夸奖应是推辞。如

We bought this house on the never-never.

我们以分期付款的方式买下这座房子。