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Two main ways in industry traditionally were used to prepare chrome tanning agents: one is using sugar as reducing agent, another is using sulfur dioxide.

工业上制备铬鞣剂的传统方法有糖和二氧化硫两种还原方法。

Meiotic pachytene bivalents were obtained from porcine testes using prolonged hypotonic treatment combined with high chloroform Carnory's fixative solution. Mitotic metaphase chromosomes were prepared from blood cell culture. Comparative studies on division index and length of pachytene bivalents and mitosis metaphase chromosomes showed that those of the former are 5 times higher and 3.42(1.87～5.98) times longer than the latter, respectively. Chromomere maps of bivalents are more abundant than mitotic metaphase G-bands, while they are correspondent with mitotic early-metaphase G-bands. The result was found by using the chromosome 12 as a sample.

以性成熟公猪睾丸和外周血为材料，采用长低渗、高氯仿卡诺固定液固定和外周血细胞培养制备减数分裂粗线期二价体和有丝分裂中期染色体，通过对二价体和有丝分裂中期染色体分裂指数和长度的比较研究，发现二价体的分裂指数和长度分别是有丝分裂中期染色体的5倍和3.42倍(1.87～5.98)；同时以12号染色体为例，比较了二价体上的染色粒结构带与有丝分裂中期染色体G-带，表明染色粒结构带比中期染色体G-带带纹丰富，而与早中期G-带带纹吻合。

This paper analyzed the firstorder statistics of receive data′s sequences and deduced a channel estimation algorithm using the property of circulant Toeplitz matrix when using PN sequences as training sequences.

从接收信号的一阶统计量入手，并且在训练序列为PN序列下，利用循环To-eplitz矩阵的特性，得到了信道估计的算法。

Using the data of the sunspot number and based on its characteristics the time sequence of the magnetic index of the sunspot magnetic field is established. The intensity of the South Asia summer monsoon circulation index is established using the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data from 1948to 2006 and the relationship between them is analyzed.

利用太阳黑子相对数资料，根据太阳磁场磁性特征建立了太阳磁场磁性指数时间序列，并利用NCEP/NCAR再分析资料建立了1948-2006年的南亚夏季风环流强度指数，对两者之间存在的可能相关关系作了分析。

Using the diagnosis method of IEUNIM, the initial multi-weights are gained by classifying the space of fault character and the identification of network is improved greatly by using K-means Clustering.

在IEUNIM故障诊断方法中，用K均值法划分故障信息特征空间形成了多初始权重值，并采用改进型椭球神经网络，大大提高了网络的故障辨识能力。

Total genomic DNA was extracted from four marine fishes (Verasper variegates, Cleisthenes herzensteini, Turbot Scophthalmus maximus, red seabream Pagrosomus major) using a proteinase K and phenol-chloroform procedure. Long mtDNA fragments were amplified by long and accurate PCR using primers designed based on the mtDNA sequenses of Thunnus thynnus thynnus, flounder Paralichthys olivaceus and other related fishes.

用蛋白酶k酚氯抽提法从圆斑星鲽、高眼蝶、大菱鲆和真鲷4种海水鱼的肌肉组织中提取基因组DNA，根据金枪鱼、牙鲆及相关鱼类的线粒体DNA序列保守片断设计出扩增引物，扩增从16SrRNA到ND4之间约9400bp的mtDNA长片段。

In this paper, about how to realize the wired television bi-directional HFC network technical problems of " the collecting disturbance" and "collecting equalization" were presented because of using the co-axial cable as transmission medium of the branch and going-to-some place by distribution have been solved, and beginning with the noise disturbance analysis, some methods and countermeasures of reforming and settling the problem have been put forward using part of experimental data and theoretic calculation .

本文就如何实现有线电视双向HFC网，解决因以同轴电缆为传输媒质的支线和分配入户网中，存在着"汇集干扰"，"汇集均衡"等技术问题，从噪声干扰分析入手，引用部分实验数据和理论计算，提出了改造解决的一些方法与对策。

A 1172 bp fragment was detected for Wx-7A gene using dominant marker primer from the Wx-A1 normal wheat, a 593 bp and a 574 bp fragment were detected using codominant marker primer from the Wx-A1α normal and Wx-A1 null wheat, respectively.

STS标记结果中，Wx-7A位点的显性标记引物在野生型中扩增出一条1172bp的特异带，即Wx-A1α基因出现；Wx-7A位点的共显性标记引物在野生型中扩增出一条593bp的特异带，在缺失类型中扩增出一条574bp的特异带。

Guglielmo Marconi, recognizing the possibility of using these waves for a wireless communication system, gave a demonstration (1895) of the wireless telegraph, using Hertz's spark coil as a transmitter and Edouard Branly's coherer (a radio detector in which the conductance between two conductors is improved by the passage of a high-frequency current) as the first radio receiver.

Guglielmo Marconi，认可使用这些波浪的可能性为一个无线通信系统，给了一次示范(1895)无线通信机，使用赫兹的火花卷因为发射机和Edouard Branly 的coherer (导率在二个指挥之间被高频率潮流段落改进)的一台无线电探测器如同第一无线电接收机。

A rapid, efficient protocol to detect the toxicity of Cu2+ stress using wheat coleoptile, which is simple, uniformal in structure and sensitive, was established. By using this model, the mechanism of Cu2+ stress leading to the inhibition of cell elongation was also studied.

本文以小麦为材料，研究不同浓度Cu2+对小麦种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响及机理；利用小麦胚芽鞘结构简单、反应敏感的特点，探索建立小麦胚芽鞘快速检测铜离子毒害模式，并利用此模式研究了铜离子胁迫对细胞伸长抑制作用的机理。

"Second Life is remarkably easy to work with, and is very popular,"

"第二次生命是显着容易的工作，并且很受欢迎，"

For example, we usually assume that materials are homogeneous and isotropic and free of internal defects or flaws.

为了得到适合有限元分析的模型，我们必须经过如图2所示的简化步骤。