查询词典 mathematical notation

An analytical coupled water-energy balance equation at arbitrary time acale was derived by dimension analysis and mathematical derivation. The equation has only one parameter.

本文通过量纲分析和数学推导得到能用于任意时间尺度上的水热耦合平衡方程，该方程含有唯一参数。

The effect of the inlet parameters of air, air mass flow rate and spray water rate on the performance of closed cooling tower is discussed in the paper. A mathematical model for evaluating heat and mass transfer performance of closed cooling tower is set up. The analytical solution of differential equations is derived.

目的 分析闭式冷却塔内各参数，即空气焓值、含湿量、冷却水温等的分布情况；探讨空气入口参数、空气质量流量、喷淋水量对闭式冷却塔冷却性能的影响规律。

It is an important step of the transition for Chinese mathematicians to study and to use the translations of western mathematical textbooks on calculus, analytical geometry, algebra, and probability, such as DWJ, Wei Ji Su Yuan, Jue Yi Shu Xue.

研究晚清中算家对微积分的学习情况、理解程度以及应用能力，无疑对于研究中国数学的近代化历程具有十分重要的意义。

By observing and analyzing 3D structure of apple flower and inflorescence, we raised the 3D structure mathematical model of anthocaulus, receptacle, calyx, petal, androecium and pistil. At the same time, we get model parameter, integrate the apple flower and inflorescence topology structure information, reconstructed 3D structure of apple flower and inflorescence.

通过对苹果花及花序形态结构的观测分析，分别提出了描述花柄、花托、花萼、花瓣、雄蕊和雌蕊三维形态结构的数学模型，并提取了模型的控制参数；进一步整合苹果花及花序的拓扑结构信息，实现了苹果花及花序的三维重建。

Firstly, mathematical models for describing the 3D structure of anthocaulus, receptacle, calyx, petal, androecium and pistil are proposed basing on observing and analyzing the 3D structure of apple flower and inflorescence. At the same time, parameters for controlling these models are extracted. Secondly, the reconstruction of 3D structure of apple flower and inflorescence is implemented by integrating its topological structure information.

通过对苹果花及花序形态结构的观测分析，分别提出了描述花柄、花托、花萼、花瓣、雄蕊和雌蕊三维形态结构的数学模型，并提取了模型的控制参数；进一步整合苹果花及花序的拓扑结构信息，实现了苹果花及花序的三维重建。

By observing and analyzing 3D structure of apple flower and inflorescence, we raised the 3D structure mathematical model of anthocaulus, receptacle, calyx, petal, androecium and pistil.

为了实现对苹果花及花序三维形态结构的交互设计、几何建模和真实感现实，提出了精确描述苹果花序三维形态结构的数学模型及可视化方法。

Since her powers are grounded in anear mathematical understanding of magical learning,her attacks are based on probabilities.

自从她的力量是建立在附近的神奇的学习数学理解，她的攻击是基于概率。

The main work and the originality points of this dissertation could be concluded as the following parts:(1) To analyze systematically the mathematical model of LES of air flow in great space, under the case of isothermal and non-isothermal, as well as the combined action of buoyancy and strain. Some basic problems are studied about the LES application into airflow simulation of great space, such as boundary conditions, spatial difference scheme and time advancing scheme, time step etc., which creates the basis for the LES application to indoor airflow simulation.(2) Both the instantaneous and time averaged flow field of great space with multiple jets under isothermal and non-isothermal cases are explored with large eddy simulation method, and also discussed the dynamic characteristics and the law of fluidflow in the great space.(3) Based on the results of LES of the great space and the Fanger thermal comfort indexes, it is brought forward the concept of the series of dynamic thermal comfort evaluating indexes, which could be divided into thermal comfort index with time averaged properties PD, PPD, PMV, thermal comfort index with instantaneous properties IPD, IPPD, IPMV, and time averaged thermal comfort indexes TAPD, TAPPD, TAPMV, and transient situations time averaged thermal comfort indexes TTAPD, TTAPPD, TTAPMV. The differences among them and the calculation methods are discussed, and the four kinds of indexes are calculated with the thermal comfort index PD as an example.(4) Based on the LES results it is discussed the hot air stratification phenomena in air-conditioned buildings in the case with air supply and return registers on the ceiling and the case on the sidewall. The fundamentals of the hot air stratification are studied and the relations of estimating hot air stratification are brought forward.(5) With the advanced apparatus such as hot wire film anemometer IFA300 and laser particle field anemoscope, corresponding model test and site measurements have been done, which are compared with the simulation results and LES is proved a very promising method in air flow simulation indoor.

本文主要工作既创新点体现在以下几个方面：(1)系统分析了等温、非等温和考虑剪切力与浮升力综合作用的高大空间大涡模拟数学模型，并研究了高大空间大涡模拟在室内气流仿真应用中的一些基本问题，如边界条件、空间离散格式和时间推进格式、时间步长选择等问题，为大涡模拟在室内气流计算中的广泛应用打下了基础；(2)首次用大涡模拟方法研究了高雷诺数下高大空间多射流在等温、非等温情况下的瞬时流场和时均流场分布，并探讨了多射流流场的动态特性和流动规律；(3)基于大涡模拟的动态仿真结果和Fanger的热舒适指标，首次系统地提出了动态热舒适评价指标体系的概念：即基于时间平均参数的热舒适指标PD、PPD、PMV；基于瞬时参数的瞬时热指标IPD、IPPD、IPMV；基于时间平均热舒适指标TAPD、TAPPD、TAPMV；以及沿行动迹线的时间平均热舒适指标TTAPD、TTAPPD、TTAPMV，并分析了四类热舒适指标的差异性和计算方法，还以PD值为例对四类指标分别进行了计算；(4)基于数十种工况下空调房间大涡模拟的结果，研究了空调建筑上送上回和侧送侧回两种情况下热分层现象，并探讨了热分层的基本规律，首次提出了避免热分层现象的判断公式；(5)在暖通空调领域，首次使用IFA300热线风速仪、激光粒子速度场仪等先进设备，完成了与大涡模拟相对应的模型试验，并把实测结果与仿真结果进行了对比，说明LES在室内气流仿真方面是一种很有前景的方法。

The hydraulics are many more abstract concepts, such as water down on the physical process Flash animation can be used to form the wall with time changes, Piezometric head with time changes, pressurized pipe flow direction using flash animation shows, to reflect the vertical bisector and angle bisector of the rich multimedia features of the form can abstract mathematical concept into accommodation acceptable to the visual form.

在水力学中有许多较为抽象的概念，如水击的物理过程，可以用FLASH动画的形式将管壁随时间的变化过程，测压管水头随时间的变化过程，有压管中的水流方向用flash动画表现出来，以体现垂直平分线和角平分线的特点多媒体丰富的表现形式能使抽象的数学概念变为学生容易接受的直观形式。

The hydraulics are many more abstract concepts, such as water down on the physical process Flash animation can be used to form the wall with time changes, Piezometric head with the time change, pressurized pipe flow direction using flash animation shows, to demonstrate vertical bisector and angle bisector of the rich multimedia features of the forms make an abstract mathematical concept into accommodation acceptable to the visual form.

在水力学中有许多较为抽象的概念，如水击的物理过程，可以用FLASH动画的形式将管壁随时间的变化过程，测压管水头随时间的变化过程，有压管中的水流方向用flash动画表现出来，以体现垂直平分线和角平分线的特点多媒体丰富的表现形式能使抽象的数学概念变为学生容易接受的直观形式。

When this condition occurs, inbound replication with the source partner is stopped on the destination domain controller and event ID 2042 is logged in the Directory Services event log.

计算机密码学是研究计算机信息加密、解密及其变换的科学，是数学和计算机的交义学科，也是一门新兴的学科。

Instructions: click on the thumbnails to see a larger image, then use the left-right arrow keys to scroll through the slideshow.

使用说明：滑鼠点在小图上即可放大观赏。开启后键盘左右键可用来换照片。