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Objective To analyse the morphologic characters of mentum and its use in the treatment of microgenia.
目的 探讨分析小颏畸形的颏部形态特征及其在颏部水平截骨整形手术应用中的效果。
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Objective To provide anatomical basis for a new style operation using periosteal flap composed of submental artery, anteroventral portion of digastric muscle and submental artery for the renovation of laryngotrachea.
目的 为应用颏下动脉二腹肌前腹为蒂的下颌骨骨膜瓣转位修复喉、气管提供解剖学依据。方法对23例（46侧）头颈部标本的颏下动脉、颏下静脉、二腹肌前腹的相关结构进行观测。
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objective the purpose of this study was to summarize our experience of the application of internal rigid fixation with miniplate to treatment of mandibular fractures.methods a retrospective analyisis of clinical data of 67 cases,who had experienced the anatomic reduction and rigid fixation by using miniplate.with the help of maxillomandibular distraction pre operation and post operation and temporary maxillomandibular fixation during operation,the fracture bones were smoothly reduced and fixed.results clinical and radiographic examination showed that all cases gained good clinical results and precise anatomic alignment of fracture postoperatively without infection,malocclusion,bone malunion or other complications.conclusion mocortical miniplate fixation of the mandible is a reliable and effective techinique providing rigid fixation and an ideal modality for the treatment of mandibular fractures.combined with maxillomandibular fixation.
对67例下颌骨骨折患者的临床资料进行回顾总结，所有患者应用小型接骨板行坚固内固定治疗。其中7例颏部骨折，12例颏旁骨折，16例颏孔区骨折，9例体部多发性骨折，5例体部粉碎性骨折；18例合并其他部位骨折。所有患者术前经临床检查和影像学检查明确骨折的位置和骨折线的数目后，分段牙弓夹板结扎、颌间弹性牵引，使移位的骨折段逐渐复位；术中经口内切开复位、细钢丝颌间结扎、小型接骨板坚固内固定；术后行临床检查和影像学复查，必要时颌间弹性牵引7～10 d。结果所有患者手术切口ⅰ期愈合，治疗效果满意；临床检查所有患者牙合关系良好、面部对称；影像学复查证实骨折线对位良好。结论经口内切开小型接骨板坚固内固定辅以颌间固定治疗下颌骨骨折效果可靠，术后并发症少，是一种理想的手术方法。
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Forty adult cadaver heads (male=29,female=11) were dissected to measure genial tubercles and observe the start-stop points of genioglossus muscle and geniohyoid muscle.
选取 4 0具成人尸头，解剖下颌骨、颏舌肌和颏舌骨肌，观察颏舌肌和颏舌骨肌的起止点和走行，测量颏棘及其相关参数，然后采用SPSS10 。0统计软件进行分析。
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The results are as follows.(1) Long train electrical stimulation at the dMNF facilitated myoelectric activities of genioglossus and phrenic muscle.(2) Short train electrical stimulation of dMNF, when delivered in the inspiratory phase, caused prolongation of myoelectric activities of genioglossus and phrenic muscle; but when delivered in the expiratory phase, myoelectric activities of genioglossus and phrenic muscle were shortened.(3) Long train electrical stimulation at the vMNF inhibited myoelectric activities of genioglossus and phrenic muscle.(4) Short train electrical stimulation of vMNF caused shortening of myoelectric activities of genioglossus and phrenic muscle, when delivered in the inspiratory phase, but a prolongation when delivered in the expiratory phase.(5) The effects of microinjection of glutamate to dMNF and vMNF were similar to those of electrical stimulation.
结果如下：(1)长串电脉冲刺激dMNF引起颏舌肌和膈肌肌电活动明显增强；(2)短串电脉冲刺激dMNF，当刺激落位于吸气相时，引起颏舌肌和膈肌在吸气相的肌电活动延长，当刺激落位于呼气相时，引起颏舌肌和膈肌在呼气相的肌电活动提前终止；(3)长串电脉冲刺激vMNF使颏舌肌和膈肌肌电活动明显被抑制；(4)短串电脉冲刺激vMNF，当刺激落位于吸气相时，引起颏舌肌和膈肌在吸气相的肌电活动提前终止，当刺激落位于呼气相时，引起颏舌肌和膈肌在呼气相的肌电活动延长；(5)在dMNF和vMNF分别微量注射谷氨酸钠，其效应与电刺激结果基本一致。
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ConclusionsUsing methods of narrowing genioplasty combined with Medpor implantation can treat wideness chin and retrogenia in one step. This method resolve the defaults of single horizontal osteotomy of the chin or single chin augmentation.
颏部截骨缩窄结合Medpor隆颏可一次性矫正颏部宽大及颏部后缩畸形，解决了单纯颏部截骨术后或单纯隆颏术后局部不能达到最佳的手术效果的弊端。
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Methods For gain optimal operation outcome,we used prolong carved mandible angle osteotomy by intraoral approach.we extended osteotomy line to mental nerve.and mental tuber was scoured,Augmentation chin or genioplasty was performed if the patient was subject to microgenia.
为获得更好的术后效果，我们采用口内入路下颌角弧形截骨术，将弧形截骨线延长到颏神经处，并对颏结节进行打磨，使截骨线延续流畅，伴小颏者同时行隆颏或颏截骨前移。
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The changes of gonial angle were effected by the direction of force of chin cap. The gonial angle decreased if the line of force were from chin to condyle. Reversely, the gonial angle would increase because of the more vertical line of force directed from chin to sella.
颏帽装置对下颚角的影响会因施力方向而不同，如果颏帽的施力方向为从颏部到髁头，会使下颚角减少，如果颏帽装置的施力方向是从颏部到Sella点，比其他的研究的施力方向还高，反而会使下颚角随著时间增加。
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In the soft tissue measurements, the value of soft tissue facial angle and B'-Pos-FH in the first extraction group was less than those in the second extraction group significantly. After treatment all the patients had an increase in S-Ns-Pos angle, soft tissue facial angle, B'-Pos-FH and depth of mentolabial groove. At the same time, soft tissue convexity angle was diminished obviously. But the change was not significant between the two premolar extraction groups.
2在对软组织项目的测量中，治疗前第一前磨牙拔除组的软组织面角、颏沟倾角均小于第二前磨牙拔除组，治疗后2组均出现软组织面凸角减少，颏凸角、软组织面角、颏沟倾角、颏唇沟深度增加；但2组在各项测量项目的变化上无显著组间差别。
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The result manifest that characteristic of chin soft tissue profile of bony malocclusion of class I had bigger angle of chin-lip, shallower mentolabial furrow,smaller radian and larger convexity compared to that of bony malocclusion of class II, and smaller angle of chin-lip, deeper mentolabial furrow,larger radian and smaller convexity compared to that of bony malocclusion of class III.
测量结果显示：骨性II类错牙合颏部相对于正常牙合发育不足，颏唇角小，颏唇沟深，弧度较大，突度较小。而骨性III类错牙合相对于正常牙合颏部发育过度，颏唇角大，颏唇沟浅，弧度较小，突度较大。
- 更多网络解释与颏相关的网络解释 [注：此内容来源于网络，仅供参考]
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Luscinia calliope：红点颏
夏季在我国的东北、表海 [阅读全文]相关维吧 玉颈鸦[名称]红点颏 (Luscinia calliope) 又名"红颏"、"点颏"、"红喉歌鸲"、"红脖"、"野鸲". 属雀形目,鹟科,鸫亚科. 夏季在我国的东北、表海和四川北部繁殖,冬季在我国的西南部越冬. 红点颏是我国的传统笼养鸟. 过去在
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gnathion：颏下点
12403 颏结节 mental tubercle | 12404 颏下点 gnathion | 12405 颏孔 mental foramen
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mentum：颏
有托盛食物以及与上唇协同钳住食物的作用,此外也用来检测食物.下唇的基部称为后颏(postmentum),几乎完全和头壳愈合,不能活动.后颏相当于愈合的左右轴节,又分为不明显的亚颏(Submentum)和颏(mentum).除上述3种口肢(mouth appendages)外,
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mental protuberance：颏隆凸
12401 下颌联合,颏联合 mandibular symphysis,mental symphysis mental protuberance | 12402 颏隆凸 mental protuberance | 12403 颏结节 mental tubercle
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reductive genioplasty：颏缩小成形术
颏成形术 genioplasty | 颏缩小成形术 reductive genioplasty | 隆颏术 chin augmentation
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submental：颏下的
mentum 颏 | submental 颏下的 | 18 颏 geni
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submental：颏下的;亚颏的
颌下腺 submaxillary gland | 颏下的;亚颏的 submental | 亚颏;下唇基节 submentum
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submental space：颏下间隙
颏下间隙(submental space)位于舌骨上区,为颏下三角内的单一间隙. 间隙内有少量脂肪组织及淋巴结,此间隙供下颌舌骨肌、颏舌骨肌与舌下间隙相隔. 两侧与颌下间隙相连,感染易相互扩散? 颏下间隙解剖位置 颏下间隙的感染多来自于淋巴结炎症. 下唇、舌尖、口底、舌下肉阜、下颌前牙及牙周组织的淋巴回流可直
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submental vein：颏下静脉
颏下动脉|submental artery | 颏下静脉|submental vein | 颏下三角|submental triangle
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frontomental diameter：额颏径:额至颏的距离
extracanthic diameter 外眦径:两眼上睑与下睑外侧结合点之间的距离 | frontomental diameter 额颏径:额至颏的距离 | fronto-occipital diameter 额枕径:同occipitofrontal diameter